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CPnCKOXPBATCKH 


POLSKI 


# afr 


% 


SIX MONTH COURSE 

IN 

RUSSIAN 


SHQIP 


MAGYAR 


FJ * ¥& 


TURK^E 

PORTUGUES 


Lf'sb' 

ROMANA 


yKPAIHCEKMM 


ITALIANO 


BA HAS A INDONESIA 


snmlvm 

slovenSCina 


VOLUME I 

LESSONS 1. 8 


300 TO-} 


CESKY 


EAAHNIKA 


°i 5 <H 
ESPANOL 


FRANgAIS 



SVENSKA 


NORSK 


DEUTSCH 
TIENG VIET NAM 


LIETUVIi; 

SUOMENKIELI 






























































































































6-MONTH COURSE IN RUSSIAN 


VOLUME I 
LESSONS 1 TO 8 


REPRINTED 
May 1955 


RUSSIAN LANGUAGE DIVISION 
K , ^ ARMY LANGUAGE SCHOOL , ’’ , T^j^u f 

PRESIDIO OP MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA. 


ARMY-ALS-PM. CALIP-55-1000-2487 




✓ 











*»* 















RUSSIAN TEXT BOOK 


SIX MONTH COURSE (R-6 ) 

IIEPBHfl yPOK. FIRST LESSON* 

PART I. 

1) Text *A* - STRUCTURAL FEATURES. 


A- UTO 8TO? 

£. ^TO oauoji^T. 
A* ^TO ^TO? 

£. 3to aHrap, 

A* r*e caMOJieT? 

£• CauouieT b 
aHrap©. 


A. What f s this? 

“ /What _ this?/ 

B. That»s an airplane. 
/This _ airplane./ 

A. What f s this? 

/What _ this?/ 

B. That* 8 a hangar • 
/This _ hangar./ 

A. Where*s the airplane? 
/Where _ airplane?/ 

B. The airplane*s in 
the hangar. 
/Airplane _ in 
hangar./ 


A. Uto sto? 

J>. 3to aHT©HHa• 


A. Uto sto? 


£. 3to Kpmna 


A. What*s this? 

/What __ this?/ 

B. That*s an antenna. 
/This _ antenna./ 

A. What*s this? 

/What _ this?/ 

B. That »s a roof. 
/This _ roof./ 




1 


R-6 L.l.P.I. 










4 . I\*e aHT^HHa? 

A. Where*s the antenna? 

/Where _ antenna?/ 

£. AHT©HHa Ha npine. 

B. The antenna»s on the 
roof. 

/Antenna _ on roof./ 

4 . *IT 0 3 TO? 

A. What*s this? 

£. 3 to pa*HO. 

B. That*s a radio. 

/This _ radio./ 

4. ^TO 3 T 0 ? 

A. What*s this? 

/What _ this?/ 

£. 3 to okho. 

B. That»s a window. 

/This _ window./ 

4. r*e pa,HMO? 

A* Where»s the radio? 

/Where _ radio?/ 

£. Pa* HO Ha OKH6» 

B. The radio's on the 
window. 

/Radio _ on window./ 

4. 3*©cb nrrad. Kto 

A. The headquarters is here. 

b mTa6e? 

Who's in the headquarters? 
/Here staff. Who in 

staff?/ 

£. Pa*HOT b mTa6e. 

B. The radio operator's 
in the headquarters. 
/Radio-operator in 

staff./ 

4. r*e pajciioTKa? 

A* Where's the girl radio 
operator? 

/Where _ radio-operatreas?/ 

£. Pa^HOTKa TO*© 

B. The girl radio operator 
is also in the head¬ 

b mTa6e. 

quarters. 

/Radio-operatress also 
in staff./ 


2 


R-6 t.l,p.l 


4. Tau aapo^p^M. Kto 

A. Th© airfield is there. 
Who»s on the airfield? 

Ha aapoApoM©? 

/There airdrome. Who 

on aircTrome?/ 

£. CO&aIt H JieTTIMK 

B. The soldier and pilot 
are on the airfield. 

Ha aapOApdue. 

/Soldier and pilot 
on airdrome./ 

A* Kto 8 to? 

A. Who T s this? 

/Who __ this?/ 

£. 3 TO CTyHOHT • 

B. That's a student. 

/This _ student./ 

A* r*e GTy^eHT? 

p> Where's the student? 
/Where _ student?/ 

£. CTy^eHT b Kjacce. 

B. The student*s in class 
/Student _ in class./ 

A. 3 to pa*HOT? 

A. is this a radio-operator? 
“ /This _ radio-operator?/ 

£. fla, 3T0 pa^HCT. 

B. Yes, that's a radio - 
-operator. 

/Yes, this radio- 
-operator. 7 " 

* $ • 

A* 3 to to*© paaHCT? 

A. Is this also a radio- 
-operator? 

/This also radio- 
- operator?/" 

£. H©t, ©to h© pa^HOT, 

B. No, that isn't a 
radio-operator,that »s 

* 1 

3 TO pa^HCTKa• 

a girl radio-operator. 
/No, this not radio¬ 

operator, this' _ radio 
-operatress./ 


3 


R-6 L.1, P.I 


A. *IT0 3TO? 

£. 3to caMOJieT. 

A* qTO 3T0? 

£. 3to cauojieTH. 


A. What *s this? 

/What _ this?/ 

B. That*s an airplane. 
/This _ airplane./ 

A. What are these? 

/What __ this?/ 

B. Those are airplanes. 
/This __ airplanes./ 


A. ^TO 3TO? 


)TO aHTQHHa • 


A. qTO 3TO? 


£• 


3to 


aHTQHHH. 


A. What*s this? 

/What — this?/ 

B. That»s an antenna. 
/This _ antenna./ 

A. What are these? 

/What _ this?/ 

B. Those are antennas. 
/This __ antennas./ 


2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS . 

Par.1♦ English has three words called articles : 
the definite article the , and the indefinite articles 
a and an. There are no artiels in Russian. There¬ 
fore, the word okho may be translated as a window or 
the window , depending on the way it is used. 

Par.2. All those words in English prhich may be 
put into sentences in the same way as the words John , 
faith , horae and crowd are nouns. The Russian equiva- 


4 


R-6 L.l,P.I 











lents of those words are also nouns. 

In English, the relationship of a noun to the 
other words in a sentence is shown mainly by word 
order, not by changes in the form of the noun: 

Subject Verb Direct Object 

The man - killed - the bear. 

The bear - killed - the man. 

The only changes in the form of nouns in English 

are those which make nouns plural (man - m^n, pilot - 
pilot£), or make them possessive (man - m an 's , pilot - 
pilot's). 

But in Russian, word order is used much less than 
in English to show the relationship between words; in¬ 
stead, there are many changes in the form of words for 
that purpose. The part of a Russian word which does 
not change is called the stem . The part which changes 
is called the ending . Each form of a Russian noun is 
called a case and the different cases have special 
names. Thus,the nominative case is the form in which 
nouns appear as subjects (see the example above, "The 
man killed the bear")• 

Every Russian noun has a grammatical gender - 
(masculine, feminine or neuter), Grammatical gender 
is not an indication of biological gender; it is only 
a term applied to nouns because of their form. Thus, 


5 


R-6 L.l,P.I 






aHrap ("hangar") is masculine because it ends in a con¬ 


sonant in the nominative singular, and KapTa ("map") is 
feminine because it ends in "a" in the nominative singu¬ 
lar; and none ("field") is neuter, not because fields 
have no biological gender, but because the Russian word 
ends in "e" in the nominative singular. 


Masculine Feminine Neuter 

AHTAP_ KAPTA OKHO 

Noun ends in a consonant (ending- A) (ending- 0) 
No case ending in the , , 

nominative (zero ending). 3EMIH IIOJEE 


(ending- H) (ending- E) 


Summary : Nouns which have no ending in the nomina¬ 
tive singular (ending - zero) are masculine . Nouns end¬ 
ing in "a" or in "h" are feminine ; in "o" or in "e" 
are neuter . 

Any noun (animate or inanimate) may oe replaced 


pronoun: 



a masculine 

noun by "oh" 

- he; 

a feminine 

noun by "oHa" 

- she; 

a neuter 

noun by "oho" 

- it. 


Par.5 . Such English words as for , in , on , by 
and jrb are called prepositions. They occur before 
nouns (on the table, the river) or before pronouns 
(for me, t£ them). Russian prepositions occur in about 
the same way, but they require special forms of the 


6 


L.l,p.i 














following nouns. The form of the noun used after the 
prepositions "HA" (on, upon) and ”B" (in), when they 
tell where something is, was or will be located, is 
called the locative, or the prepositional case . The 
prepositional case is formed by adding the ending ”e" 
to the stem of all the above classes of nouns. 


•Isttikk b aHrape. 


Pena Ha KapTe. 


The flyer is in 
the hangar. 

A river is on the map. 


PaAHO Ha OKH6. 


The radio is on 
the window. 


CaiioaeT Ha seune. a plane is on the ground. 

(The plane is on the 
ground.) 


NOTE 1 . The present tense of the Russian verb meaning 
"to be" generally is not used. Therefore, 
where English says "The plane i£ in the hangar", 
"Here is a table", "I am a soldier", Russian 
omits the verb entirely. Notice the intonation 
(rise and fall of the voice) in this kind of 
sentence* in texts a and B. 

NOTE 2 . Some words which are of foreign origin and 
end in "e", "h" or "o" (like pajMO ) are 
neuter, but keep the same form in all cases. 

KapaHjani Ha paxHO. The pencil is on the radio. 


7 


R-6 L.l,P.I 






par.4. KTO (who?), ^TO (what?) are called 
Interrogative pronouns. 


KTO - (Who) Is used for animate nouns of 

Masc.g. 
Fein. g. 
Neutr.g. 
and Plural 

qTO - (What) is used for Inanimate nouns of 

Masc. g. 
Fern. g. 
Neutr.g. 
and Plural. 


*Ito b aHrape? 
^to Ha KapTe? 
Kto b caMOjieTe? 


What is in the hangar? 
What Is on the map? 

Who is in the plane? 


Par«5. Another iterrogative word is rjE (where?) 
(indicating where a thing is, was or will be, not 
to where , whither it is going): 

rue caMOjieT? - CauojieT b nose. 

I\ae jigt^hk? - J©t^hk toh© ( Tanse . both adverbs 
meaning "also”) b none. ^ocna Tau (there). 
KapaHjam aaect (here)• Byuara toi© saecB. 


8 


R-6 L.1,P.I 











Par .6^ The w ord "ST O”. 

The word “3T0" is used in the meaning of 
“this is", “these are”, “that is”, “those are”. 
In questions, the meaning is “is this?”, “are 
these?”, “is that?”, “are those?”. 


IjTO 3T0? 

/What is this?/ 

Kto 3TO? 

/Who is this?/ 

/ / 

3to nepo? 

/Is this a pen?/ 


3to mui otK a. 

/This is an overseas cap./ 

/ 

3T0 JieT^MK. 

/This is a pilot,/ 

^a, 3 to nepo', 

/Yes, this is a pen./ 


par,7, Nominative Plural of some nouns. 


MASCULINE. 


Nom,Sing. 


Norn.Pi• 


cawojieT 

tuhjs 


FEMININE. 


caMOjieT]i 

TaHKM *) 


Norn. Sing. 

KapTa 

CTyneHTKa 


Norn. PI. 

KapT^j 

CTy^eHTKM #) 


NOTE: The v/ord “ bot ” means “here’s”, “her6 are" and 
is used only when object is pointed out; 

Oh 3^ecB? 

J[a, oh 3^ecB; bot oh. 


After r, k, m, m - the vowel "h“ is not 

written; the vowel “h“ iis written instead. 


9 


R-6 L.l,P.I 








PART II 


A./Hell<rj/ 

B*/Good morning 1/ 

A#/How you live?/ 
B./Thanks, well. 

How you live?/ 

A. /Also well, thanks./ 

A./What __ this?/ 

B./This __ room./ 
A./What _ this?/ 

B./This __ table./ 
A./Where _ table?/ 

R./Table __ in room./ 
A./What _ this?/ 

B./This _ rifle./ 


HelloJ 

B. Good morningi 
How’re you? 

B.Fine, thank you. 

How»re you? 

A. I *m fine, too; thank you 

A. What*s this? 

B. That’s a room. 

A. What’s this? 

B. That’s a table. 

A. Where*s the table? 

B. The table*s in the 
room. 

A. What»s this? 

B. That*s a rifle. 


T e x t_ W B W 

A 

A 


10 


R-6 L#1,P.IL 




H_A C T B II. 


2L e_ k c t a E a . 
A• 3flpaBCTByHT©! 


£• £o6po© yrpol 
A* Kan bh no*HBa©T©? 

CnacH(5o, xopomo* 
Kan bh no*MBa©T©? 
A* To*© xopoDio, cnacnSo. 

A, *Ito ©to? 

/ , 

£. 3to KOMHaTa. 

A* ^TO ©TO? 

/ 

£. 3to otojj. 

A. rxe ctoji? 

Ctoji b komert© • 

A® ^Ito ©to? 

£. 3TO BMHT^BKa. 


11 R-6 L.1,P.II. 
















A./Where _ rifle?/ 

B./Rifle on table./ 

A./What __ this?/ 

B./This ^cartridge./ 
A./And this _ what?/ 
g./This _ chair./ 
A./Where ^cartridge?/ 

B./Cartridge__ on chair./ 
A./What _ this?/ 

B*/This ^ rifles and 
cartridges./ 

A»/Where ^ rifles and 
cartridges?/ 

fe./Rifles and cartridges 
in room./ 

A./What _ this on wall?/ 
B./This _ map on wall./ 


A.Where*s the rifle? 

B.The rifle f s on the 
table. 

A.What's this? 

B.That's a cartridge. 

A.And what's this? 

B.That's a chair. 

A.Where's the cartridge? 

B.The cartridge is on 
the chair. 

A.What are these? 

B.Those are rifles and 
cartridges. 

A.Where are the rifles 
and cartridges? 

B.The rifles and car- 
tridges are in the 
room. 

A.What's this on the 
wall? 

B.That's a map on the 
wall. 


12 


R-6 L.l, U.II 


A. r*e BMHTOBKa? 

£• BMHTOBKa Ha CTOJie. 
A* *lTO 3TO? 

£. ^TO naTpoH • 

A* A 8TO XITO? 

/ 

£. 3to cTyji. 

A* r*e naTpoH? 

£• naTpoH sa oTyie. 

A* ^ITO 3TO? 

£. 3to bmhtobkm m 

/ 

naTpoHH. 

A* r*e BMHTOBKM M 
naTpoHH? 

£. Bhht,obkh m naTpoHH 
B KOUHaTe. 

A* ^TO 8TO Ha CT 6 H 0 ? 

£. 3to KapTa Ha oTeHe^ 



13 


R-6 L.1,P.II 




























A./Where _ board?/ 

B./Board also _ on wall 

A./What __ this?/ 

B./This _ tank,/ 

A,/What _ this?/ 

B./This _ road./ 

A./Where __ tank?/ 

B./Tank _ on road./ 

A./Who _ this?/ 

B../This _ tanker./ 

A./Where _ tanker?/ 

B./Tanker _ on tank./ 

A./Where _ airdrome?/ 

B*/Airdrome there in 
“ field./ ~ 


A.Where f s the blackboard? 

/ B.The blackboards also 
on the wall. 

A.What 1 s this? 

B.That 1 s a tank. 

A.What*s this? 

B.ThatS a road. 

A.Where*s the tank? 

B.The tank*s on the 
road. 

A.Who*s this? 

B.That*s a tank-man. 

A.Where's the tank-man? 

B.The tank-man is on 
the tank. 

A.Where»s the airdrome? 

B.The airdrome is 
there in the field. 


14 


R-6 L.l.P.II 



JU^TO 3TO? 

/ 

£*3tO TaHK. 

A-^TO ©TO? 

£. 3 to aopcSra. 

A*r\n© TaHK? 

£.TaHK Ha jopor©. 
A* KTO 3T0? 

£.3t<> TaHKHCT• 

A.I\H© TaHKHCT? 

£.TaHKHCT Ha TaHK©. 




/ 


15 


R-6 L.l.P.II 





















A./What __ this?/ 

B./This _ hangars./ 

A./Where __ hangars?/ 

B./Hangars _ on air¬ 
drome./ 

A./Who _ this?/ 

B./This _ flyer./ 

A./And this _ who?/ 

B./This _ mechanic./ 
A./Where __ flyer and 
mechanic?/ 

B./Flyer and mechanic 
__ in hangar./ 

A../What __ this?/ 

B./This __ staff./ 
A./Who _ this?/ 

B./This __ officer./ 


A. What are these? 

B.Those are hangars. 

A. Where are the hangars? 

B. The hangars are on 
the airfield. 

A. Who's this? 

B. That's a pilot. 

A. And who's this? 

B. That's a mechanic. 

A. Where are the pilot and 
mechanic? 

B. The pilot and me¬ 
chanic are in the 
hangar. 

A. What»s this? 

B. That's a head¬ 
quarters. 

A. ’Who's this? 

B.That's an officer. 


16 


R-6 L.l,P.II 




A. *lTO 3T0? 


Cb 


£. ^to aHrapn. 

A* I\ne aHrapn? 

£. AHrapn Ha aapoapou©. 
A* Kto 3TO? 

£. 3TO JI0TXIHK. 

A. A 3TO KTO? 

/ f 

£. 3TO M0XaHMK. 

A. ra© JI©T*IHK H 
M 0 XaHHK? 

JOT^HK M M0 XaHHK 

b aHrapo. 

A* ^TO 3TO? 

£. 3 to nrraG. 

A. Kto 8 to? 

3to o$im©p. 









17 


R-6 L.1,P.II. 

























A./And this __ who?/ 

A. And who's this? 

B./This _ sergeant./ 

B. That's a sergeant. 

A./Where _ officer and 

A. Where's the officer and 

sergeant?/ 

sergeant? 

B./Officer and sergeant 

B. The officer and 

__ in staff./ 

sergeant are in 
the headquarters. 

A./Who _ this?/ 

A. Who's this? 

B./This _ captain./ 

B. That's a captain. 

A./Where _ captain?/ 

A. Where's the captain? 

B./Captain _ in room./ 

B. The captain's in 
the room. 

A ./And this _ who?/ 

A. And who's this? 

B./Thl3 _ soldier./ 

B. That's a soldier. 

A./Where _ soldier?/ 

A. Where's the soldier? 

B./Soldler _ on rood./ 

B. The soldier's on 
the road. 

A./What _ here?/ 

A. What's here? 

B„/Here _ school./ 

B. The school's here. 


18 


R-6 L.l.P.n 


A. A ©TO KTO? 

/ / 

£. 3to cepsaHT. 

A* rae aJ)Mn;©p h 
/ 

cepxaHT? 

£. 0$>nn;©p m cepxaHT 
B nrra6©. 

A. Kto ©to? 

/ z 

£. 3to KamiTaH* 

A* Hu© KamiTaH? 

KanMTSLH B KOMHaT© 

A* A ©TO KTO? 

/ / 

£. 3to cojuaT. 

A. r*© cojijaT? 

Ccxn^aT ^Ha aopore. 

A* ^TO 3^©CB? 

£• 3^©cb mKOja. 





Us: 

sir 


19 


R-6 L.l.P.II 












A./Where _ students?/ A.Where are the students? 

B./Students _ in school./ B.The students are in 



“ school. 

A .-/What __ this?/ 

A. Whatis this? 

B./This _ city./ 

B.That’s a city. 

A./Where _ school?/ 

A.Where’s the school? 

E./School _ in city./ 

B.The school*s in the 
” city. 

A./What ^ this?/ 

4* What’s this? 

B*/This _ house./ 

B.That’s a house. 

Adhere ^ house?/ 

A.Where 1 s the hous£? 

B,./House _ in city./ 

B.The house is in 
the city. 

JU/What _ this?/ 

A.What ’s this? 

B./This _ river./ 

B.That ’s a river. 

A./Where _ city?/ 

A.Where*s the city? 

Bv/City _ on river./ 

B.The city is on 
the river. 


20 


R-6 L.1,P.ii 


A. rjEt© CTyAeHTH? 
B 



CTy.neHTH b ihkoji©. '—fig™ 



A* ^TO ©TO? 

/ / 

3to ropo*. 

A* I\n© nrcojia? 

£>• DlKOJia b ropo,ne 

A« *Ito ©to? 

£• 3to *ou. 

A* Fa© aou? 

£•• Aom b ropo*©. 




21 


R-6 L.1,P.H. 











PART III 


READER * 

1. 3,5© CB B KBacce CTy^GHTH m yuMTejiB. 

/ ii / 

2. B KOMHaT© Ha OTOJie BHHTOBKa H naTpOHH. 

3. I\5© ropoa? ro'poa Ha pen©'. 

4. Pa^HO Ha okh©. Byuara Ha paaiio. 

5. Aapoapow b nose. TaM aHrapn h caMOJieTH. 

6. Tau b aHrap© jh©t*uikh h uexaHMKM. 

/ / / 

7. *Ito TaM Ha cTyjie? TaM Ha cTyji© KHura. 

8. Ha KpHme aHT©HHa h nposenTop. 

9. I\5© t^hkh? TaHKH Ha jopore b ropo*©. 

10 • I\ae caMOjueTH? CaMcmeTn Ha 3 ©mji@. 

II. I\*e mTa6? ETa6 TaM b 50 Me Ha pen©. 

18. Kto b mTa6e? B mra6e KanMTaH h e$peiiTop. 

13. Hto TaM aa ct©h©? TaM Ha ct©h© KapTa h aooKa. 

14. TaM paanocTaHijHH. Ha pajHOCTaHnjH^paajicTH h pajHCTKH. 

/ / / / 

15. Kto 3to? 3to cepaaHT-TaHKHcT. 

16. Ta© KanMTas MBaHOB? KamiTaH HBaHOB Ha oaMOja©T©. 


* The prepositional case of pa^KocTaHmcH is 
paAHooraHinqi. 


22 


R-6 L.1,P*III 





PART IV, 


HOMEWORK 


Translate into Russian* 

The pilot is in the hangar. 

The roof is/ on the house. 

The rifle and cartridges are in the hangar. 

The table and blackboard are in the class. 

The map is on the wall. 

Give the proper ending for the words in parentheses: 
lUacc b /*ou/. 

TaHKZCT b / TaHK/ . 

CaMOjieT Ha /none/. 

CaMOJieT Ha /aemn/. 

Translate the English word in the question and 
answer each question in Russian: 


(who) b mrade? 

(what) Ha Kpume? 

(where is) pajKO? 


t* t<5 
Kapra 


Kt6 


(is here)? 

(is there)? 

(is also) Ha cTOJie? 


gg «-6 




CJIOBAPB. VOCABULARY 


BHHTOBKa /F/ 

BMHTOBKM 

bmhtobkm 

BHHTOBOK 

rifle 

. 

bot /particle/ 

here»s, here are 

rogo* /M/ 

rdpo.ua 
ropo.ua 
ropojOB 

city, town 

JOM /M/ 

.no'iia 

AOU& 

flOMOB 

house, home 

jopora /P/ 
jopom 
joporw 
.nopor 

road, way 

AocKa t /F/ 

flOCKM 
flOCKM 

AOCOK 

blackboard,board,plank 

e$pefiTop /M/ 
e$peftTopa 
e^pefiTopa 
e$p4iiTopoB 

Pfc. 

36MJIH f /P/ 

3eiAttH 

e arth,ground,s oil 

KamiTaH /M/ 

KanwTaHa 

KanMTaHH 

KanMTaHOB 

captain 

KOMHaTa /P/ 

KOliHaTH 

KOMHaTH 

KOMHaT 

room 


24 


R-6J1.1 *Vocab 



uexaHMK /M/ 

uexaHMKa 
uexaHMKM 
UexaHMKOB 

o<t>ime]D /M/ 

o$Mn;epa 
o$im©pH 

o$zn; 4 poB 
naTpoH /m/ 

naTpoHa 

naTpoHH 

naTpoHOB 

none /N/ 

ndzifl 
ncuifl 
noaeft 

pena, /?/ 

P©KM 
P©KH 
P©K 

C©P»aHT /m/ 

cepsaHTa 
c©p*aHTH 
cepaaHTOB 

cojuaT /m/ 

com^aTa 

COJI^aTH 

cojujaT 

cTyji /M/ 

OTyJLB. 

CTVJIBfi 

OTVJ BeB 

TaHK /M/ 

TaHKa 
TaHKZ 
TaHKOB 


mechanic 


officer 


cartridge 


field 


river 


sergeant 


soldier 


chair 


tank 


25 


R-6 L.l, Vocab 




tankman 


TaHKMCT /M/ 

TaHKMCTa 

TaHKMCTH 

TaHKMCTOB 

tankman 

mKOJia /F/ 

mKOJIH 

mndiH 

hikoji 

school 

urrab /M/ 

mTa6a 
mTa6u 
nrraCoB 

H»Q« p staff 


26 


K-6 L.l,Vocab 


• ' i - f/ ; . /' 4. * v ‘ s Hp 

BTOPOfl yPOK. SECOND LESSON. 

PART I. 


1) Text "A" 

STRUCTURAL FEATURES. 


Par.8.*) 


A. aapaBCTBy^Tei 

A. HelloJ, 

~ /HelloJ/ 

H66 poe yTpo. Kan 

B. Good morning* How 

bh noxHBaeT©? 

are you? 

/Good morning* How 
you live?/ 

A. CnacHbo, xopomo. 

A. Fine, thank you. 

A BH.? 

And you? 

/Thanks, well. 

And you?/ 

£. To*© xopomo. 

B. I*m also well, 
thank you. 

/Also well. 

CnacMbo. 

thanks./ 

A. Kto bh? 

A* Who are you? 

“ /Who _ you?/ 

a cTy^eHT. A 

B. I*m a student. And 
who*re you? 

/I student. And 

KTO BH? 

who _ you?/ 

A. a yriKTeJIB. 

A. I f m the teacher. 

Who *s he? 

Kto oh? 

/i teacher. 

Who _ he?/ 

£. Oh toe© cTyjeHT# 

B.He»s also a student. 
~/He also _ student./ 


»)NOTE: ' Thf a Paragraph number corresponds to the paragraph 
number of the Grammar Analysis* 


27 


R-6 L.2,P.I 








A* BH BC© CTyA^HTH? 

A. Are all of you students* 
/You all _ students?/ 

fla, mh bc© 

B. Yes, we're all 
students. 

cTyaeHTH. 

/Yes, we all __ 
students./ 

A. Kto ohm? 

A. Who*re they? 

/Who _ they?/ 

£. Ohm to*© 

B. They're also 
students. 

CTyA©HTH. 

/They also 
students./” 

A. A OHa KTO? 

A. And who's she? 

/And she _ who?/ 

£. 0h£ CTyA^HTKa. 

B. She's a girl 
student. 

/She _ studentess./ 

A* ^TO ©TO? 

A. What's this? 

/What _ this?/ 

£• 3to TaHK. 

B. That's a tank. 

/This _ tank./ 

A. r*e TaHK? 

A* Where's the tank? 

/Where __ tank?/ 

£. Oh b nojie. 

B. It's in the field. 
/He _ in field./ 

A. ^TO ©TO? 

A. What's this? 

/What _ this?/ 

£. 3TO BMHTOBKa. 

B. That's a rifle. 

/This _ rifle./ 

A* r*e BMHTOBKa? 

A. Where's the rifle? 

/Where __ rifle?/ 

£. BMHT6BKa Ha OTQJie. 

B.The rifle's on the 
table. 

/Rifle' on tabled 


28 


R-6 L.2-.P.I 


4* ^TO 3TO? 

£. 6 to pajMO. 

4 . Hu© pa, 5 MO? 

£. Oho Ha okh©. 

4 . ^TO 8 TO? 

£. 3to naTpoHH. 

4 . r\ne naTpoHH? 

£. Ohm Ha CT^Jie. 

Par.9 , 

4 « I\5© bh 6 him? 

H 6 hji b mrade. 

4 . KanMTaH 6wi b mTa6e? 

£. .Ea, oh 6hju 
4 . PaaMcTKa TO*e 6 aaa 
b nrrade? 

£. Ha, MH bc© 6lwm 
Tan. 

A. I\K© 6 HHM JI 6 THMKM? 

£. Ohm 6 hhh Ha 
aapojpou©. 

4« Bh ji©t£uim B^epa? 

£. Ha, a ji©Taji. 

A. KanMTaH toh© jigtsui? 


A* What*s this? 

/What _ this?/ 

B.This*s a radio. 

/This __ radio./ 

A. Where*s the radio? 

/Where __ radio?/ 

B. It »s on the window. 

/it _ on window./ 

A. What*re these? 

“ /What __ this?/ 

B. Those are cartridges. 
/This _ cartridges./ 

A. Where»re the cartridges? 
/Where __ cartridges?/ 

B. They*re on the chair. 
/They _ on chair./ 

A. Where were you? 

/Where you were?/ 

B. I was at headquarters. 

/I was in staff./ 

A. Was the captain at H.&.? 
/Captain was in staff?/ 

B. Yes, he was. 

/Yes, he was./ 

A. Waa the girl radio-operator 
also at headquarters? 
/Radio-operatress also was 
in staff?/ 

B.Yes, we were all there. 
/Yes, we all were there./ 

A. Where were the pilots? 
/Where were flyers?/ 

B. They were at the air- 
nort. 

/They were on air¬ 
drome./ 

A. Did you fly yesterday? 

/You flew yesterday?/ 


B. Yes, I did. 

“ /Yes, I flew., 


✓ / 


B. Ha, KanMTaH toh© 
jieTaji. Mh bc© 
JieTSUIH. 


A. Did the captain also fly? 

“* /Captain also flew?/ 

B. Yes, the captain also 
flew. All of us flew, 
/Yes^ ca^^ain/also flew. 


29 


R-6 L.2,P»I 



2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS 


Par.8. Any English noun may be replaced as the 
subject of a sentence by one of the words he, she , or it , 
which are, therefore, called personal pronouns . The corre¬ 
sponding personal pronouns in Russian aro OH (he - for 
anim.or It -for Inanimate nouq), OHA (she - fox* anim.or it 
- for inajalnun^aqd OHO (it). Which one of these pronouns 
to use is determined by the grammatical gender of the 
noun replaced. 

Examples : r\ne caiiojieT? OH b aHrape. rae cojuaT? 

OH Ha aapojpoMe. I\ne 6yiiara? OHA Ha ctojig. r*e pajiM- 
CTKa? OHA b mra6e. Rug nepo? OHO Toxe Ha ctojig. 

OHM (they) may replace plural nouns of any genders 
rae cauojieT m jsgthhk? OHM b nojie. I\5© KapaH^am, nep6 
h 6yuara? OHM Ha ctojig. Tag pajHCT m pajiMCTKa? OHM 
b nrrade. 

Other personal pronouns: fl (i), tm (thou), mh (we), 
and bh (you) may replace a person or persons. The form 
bh, £s in English, can be used for one person or for 
more than one person. The pronoun th is used in ad¬ 
dressing God, or a relative,or a close friend (animals, 
pets also)• 

fl yriMTGJib, ^ I am a teacher, 

bh cTyjiGHTH. you are students. 

0h£ pajiHCTKa. She is a radio operator. 

NOTE that bh is spelled with a capital "B"^wliile ad¬ 
dressing one person in a personal letter, otherwise it 
is spelled with small "b". ”fl w is spelled with a 
capital only when it begins a sentence. 


30 


R-6,L.2,P.l 








Par a 9» in dictionaries verbs are listed in the 


infinitive form (meaning unlimited , since it is not 
limited as to person or time) : "to fly" - JieTaTB, "to be" 
- 6htb. The ending which makes nearly all Russian in¬ 
finitives is - tb. The past tense of most verbs is formed 
by dropping -tb and substituting: 

-.a when the subject is masc.sing.i.e.OH jieTsug, oh 615 a 

-jia " " n n f em . " " oHa jieTsma. OHa 6 aaa 

-jo n « « n neut. " oh <5 jeTaao. oh 6 6 wlo 

-JIM " n n " pi# Of " OHM jeTSLHM. OHM 6HAM 


any gender 
Who was here? 


Kto 6uh aaecB? 

3*ecB dHjaa pajMCTKa 


A radio-operator(f) was here# 


Hto jexajio Ha cTQJie? What was lying on the table? 

Ha cTOuie jexajiH KHMra, On the table (there) were 
nepo m Kapaa^din. lying a book* a pen,and a 

pencil. 

NOTE : When the Interrogative pronoun "KTO" is used with 
“ a verb in past tense, the verb should be always in 
masc.gender. 

When the interrogative pronoun "HTO" is used with 
a verb in past tense - the verb should be always 
in neuter gender# 


Question : 
Kto 6 hr b aHrape? 


Answer; 



B aHrape 6 hji JueT^iMK. 

B aHrape 6wi& paaMCTKa 
B aHrape 6 lmm oojiaaTH. 

Ha okh© 6iu KapaHaam. 
Ha okh© Saga KH^ra. 

Ha okh© 6wio nep<5. 

Ha okh© 6hjim emeu m 


ITMJlOTKa. 


31 


R-6 L.2,?.I 







PART II 


Text ft B n . 


A. /Hello]/ A. Hello] 

B./Good morning] How B. Good morning] How*re 
you live?/ you? 

A./Well, thanks; and you?/A. Fine, thank you; and you? 


B./Also well./ 

A#/Where you were 
yesterday?/ 

B./l was on airdrome./ 
A./Major also was on 
airdrome?/ 

B./Yes, he also was 
there./ 

A.YJhat did major? 

B.He flew on 
airplane./ 


B. I f m also fine. 

A. Where were you yesterday? 

B. I was at the airport. 

A* Was the major also at 
the airport? 

B. Yes, he was also 
there. 

A. What was the major 
doing? 

B. He was flying in the 
airplane. 


32 


R-6 L.2,P,n 




3 L fi 1 * _II. 


T9K0T "E“. 


A. 3Apa.BCTByfiTe! 



33 


R-6 t.2,P.II 






A 9 /Mechanic also flew 
on airplane?/ 

B./No, he worked 
in hangar./ 

A#/And you flew?/ 

B./No, I not flew./ 
A#/Where stood 
bomber?/ 

B./Bomber stood 
in hangar./ 

A*/Where was destroyer?/ 
B./Destroyer was 
in air./ 

A./All destroyers were 
in air?/ 

B./Yes, all./ 


A* Was the mechanic also 
flying in the air¬ 
plane? 

B. No, he was working 
in the hangar. 

A* And did you fly? 

B. No, I didn't fly. 

A» Where was the bomber 
parked? 

B. The bomber was parked 
in the hangar. 

A. Where was the fighter? 

B. The fighter was 
in the air. 

A. Were all the fighters 
in the air? 

B. Yes, all of them were. 


34 


R-6 L,2,P.ii 



A. A bh JieTajiH? 


£• H©t, a h© jieTaji, 


you 



NO... 



b B63^yxe. 

A* Be© mctp©6mt©jim 6uhh 

B B03J5yX©? 

B. fe, BC9. 



YES... 


35 


R-6 L«2,P.IX 








A*/Where now __ lieutenant?/ A. Where is the lieutenant 

now? 


B./H© now — in air 

B.The lieutenant is aloft 

on destroyer./ 

in the fighter. 

A./And where __ navigator?/ 

A. And where's the navigator? 

B./Navigator now __ 

B.Right now the natigator 

in hangar./ 

is in the hangar. 

A./Where worked radio- 

A.Where were the radio 

operators?/ 

operators working? 


B./Radio-operators worked B.The radio-operators were 

on radio-station,/ working at the radio¬ 

station. 

A./Radio-operatress also was A.Was the girl radio- 


there?/ 

operator also there? 

B./Yes, she was 

B.Yes, sh6 was 

there also./ 

also there. 

A./How worked receiver?/ 

A.How did the receiver 
work? 

B./Receiver sometimes 

B.Sometimes the receiver 

worked badly./ 

did work poorly. 


36 


R-6 L.2,P.n 




pa6oTaji D-ttoxo. 


37 


R-6 L.2,P#II• 











jU/When you were 

A.When were you 

in hangar?/ 

in the hangar? 

B*/l was in hangar 

B,I was in the hangar 


to-day in-morning*/ this morning* 


A♦/Who was there?/ . 

A.Who was there? 

B./There was major 

B.The major and the 

and mechanics*/ 

mechanics were there. 

A♦/Bombers were 

A.Were the bombers 

in hangar?/ 

in the hangar? 

B./Yes, they were 

B.Yes, they were 

in hangar*/ 

in the hangar. 

A*/Where lay earphones. 

A.Where were the earphones 

when you were in 

lying when you were in 

hangar?/ 

hangar? 

B.Earphones lay 

B.The earphones were 

on radio. They 

lying on the radio set. 

always __ on radio./ 

They 1 re always on the 
radio set. 


38 


R-6 L.2,P.H 


£• Korja bh 6imh ( 

b aHrape? 



A. r*e jiexajiH HaynmiiKM, 
Korja bh 6wlk b 
aHrape? 

£. HayniHMKM jiexauin 
Ha paijno. Ohm 
B cerja na piano. 



39 


R-6 L.2,p.n 




































A./You long were 
in hangar?/ 

B./No, I was in 

hangar not-long./ 
A./Was yesterday snow?/ 
B./Yes, snow lay 
on field./ . , 
A./You were on 
storage?/ 

B./Yes, was./ 

A./On storage lay 
bombs?/ 

B./Yes, they were 
there./ 


A* Were you 

in hangar long? 

B.No, I wasn f t there 
long. 

A. Did it snow yesterday? 

B.Yes, snow was lying 
on the field. 

A. Have you been to 
the warehouse? 

B. Yes, I have. 

A. Were the bombs 
in the warehouse? 

B. Yes, they were 
there. 


40 


R-6 L.2,P.II 



A-Bh jojiro 6tLiz 
b aHr^pe? 

E. H©t, a 6hji b 
aHrape Heaojiro. 



NO.., 



A* Bun B^iepa cH©r? 


£. &a t cH©r Jieiaji 


Ha nojie. 


» i * 


YES... 



'■ luuiWi^U 







A* Ha cmiaAe jiezajin 


6om6h? 

Jj>. Jla, ohm 6win 

Tan. 



? YES 


41 


R-6 L.2,P.II 




















PAR T III 


READER. 


I. Ha cKiaje jiexajm 6 om6h, bhhtobkh h naTpoHH. 

8. MexaHHKH paGoTajna b aHrap©. 

3. B^epa Maftop m jiezT©HaHT JieTajm Ha 6ou6ap,aiipoBiniiK©. 

4. Cero^Hfl yTpoM ohh .aaaro pa6oTajin b mTa6e. 

5. B KOMHaT© Ha cTyae jiesinH HayinHHKH. 

6* Be© cojwaTH oToaaK Ha aapoapoM©. 

7. JIgtuhk jiezaji Ha seuae'. 

8* Ha xopor© b doji© ctohjik TaHKH. 

9 • Kan B^epa pa6oTai npn©MHMK? - WHorxa naoxo, 

HHoraa xopomo. 

10. I\*e OHa oeiteac? - OHa celiac b mK&ne. 

11. Bnepa Taia Ha xopore .aexaji eH©r. 

18. Ohm 6 hhk b ropoxe Ha pen©. 

13. Hto jejiaji JieiiTeHaHT? - Oh jistsui hsl hctp©6ht©ji© . 

14. I\ae 6uaa aHTGHHa? - AHTeKHa 6**aa Ha npiine. 

15. BoM6apxHpoBnyiK Ha seitae? - H©t, oh b Bosayx©. 

16. Korxa sxecB 6ua nrrypuaH? - Oh 6i*a saecB yTpoM. 


42 


R-6 L.2,P.IH 



PART IV 


HOMEWORK . 

Translate into Russian: 

!• The blackboard was in the classroom on the wall, 

2, What was lying there? 

3, The bombs and the cartridges were lying there 
on the ground, 

4, The lieutenant and the navigator were flying 
In the bomber* 

5, What were you doing yesterday? 

6, i was working in the warehouse, 

7, All bombers are in the air. 

8, She was standing in the road for a long time. 

9, The earphones were lying on the chair. 

10. Who was at H.Q. in the morning? 


43 


R-6 L.2,P.IV 




OIOBAPL 


VOCABULARY. 


NOTEs 

Verbs are given in the Infinitive 

1st person singular 



2nd person singular 
3 rd person plural 

60116a (p) 

6om6h 

6om6h 

60116 

bomb 

6ou6apxJipbBByiK (M) 

6 OMdapxiipoBiUKKa 

6 OMdapx MpoBuyiKic 

6 Ou6apX WpOBGUIKOB 

bomber 

6htb (v) 

to be 

Bo'axyx (M) (Sing.only) 
Bo'axyxa 

air 

Boerx^ (Adv.) 

always 

Bqepa (Adv.) 

yesterday 

a^.aaT& (V.Imp.) 

X^jiajo 

X^juaencb 

X&iajor 

to do, to make 

X<6iro (Adv.) 

long, for a long time 

MHorxa (Adv.) 

sometimes 

HCTpedHTejiB (M) 
HCTpedMTexa 

MCTpe 6]1T0JI M 
MOTpedHTejieft 

fighter, destroyer 


44 


R-6 L.2,Vocab. 




KOi\ia 


(Adv.) 


when 


Jie*aTfc (V. imp.) 

Jieajr 

JdXHUEb 

Jiex^T 

to lie 

JiegTeHaHT (M) 

Jie^TeHaHTa 

JHeftTOHaHTU 

JieiiTeHaHTOB 

lieutenant 

JieTaTB (V. Imp.) 

jjeTaro 

jieTaemB 

JI0T^LK)T 

to fly 

uafco'p (M) 

uaftdpa 

Maftopn 

uaiidpoB 

major 

HaymHUKK (Plural only) 

HayinHHKOB 

earphones 

Headjiro (Adv.) 

not long, 

not for a long time 

na oxo (Adv.) 

badly, bad, poorly 

padoTaTB (V.lmp.) 

paddTaro 
padoTaemB 
paddTaior 

to work 

ceifaac (Adv.) 

now 


45 


R-6 L.2,Voeab; 


warehouse, depot 


ciua* (M) 
CKB^a 
CKiaAH 
OKJiaHOB 


cHer (M) snow 

OH^ra 

ctootb (V. Imp.) to stand 

CToro 

CTOJtDIB 

CTOHT 


yTpoii (Adv.) In the morning 


urrypuaH (M) 
nrr^rpMaHa 
mrjrpMaHH 
niTypuaHOB 


navigator 




46 


R-6 L.2,Vocab. 





TPETKH yPOK 


THIRD LESSON 


PART I, 


1) Text "A" _ - STRUCTURAL FEATURES• 


P ar.10 . 

A. ^Ito Bnneji JieT^iMK? 
£. JleTtiMK Biineji 
a3poAp6w. 


A. What did the pilot see? 
/What saw flyer?/ 

B. The pilot saw the air¬ 
field. 

/Flyer saw airdrome./ 


A* Aeji&A e$pefrrop? A* What was the Pfc.doing? 

/What did Pfc£/ 


£. E$>pefrrop nosTopaa 


ypoK. 


B. The Pfc*was going over 
his lesson. 

/Pfc. repeated 
lesson./ 


A. Hto micajia pa- 


^MCTKa? 


A. ’What was the girl radio¬ 
operator writing? 

/What wrote radio- 
oporatress?/ 


£. Pa^HOTKa micaJia 


nMCBUO 


A. Bh cjitmemn Bonpoo? 


B. The girl radio¬ 
operator was writing 
a letter. 

/Radio-operatress wrote 
letter./ 

A* Did you hear the question? 

/You heard question?/ 


£. .Ha, 


a oJiHmaji 


✓ 

Bonpoo• 


B. Yes, I heard the 
question. 

/Yes, 1 heard question./ 


47 


R-6 I».3,P.I. 







A. Kor^a bh o<iyniajiM 

A* When were you listening 
to the radio? 

pa^MO? 

/When you listened 
radio?/ 

£. H CJiyma^ pafljto 

B. I listened to the radio 
yesterday. 

/I listened radio 

B^epa. 

yesterday./ 

4 . *pro xejiaji cTyaeHT 

A. What was the student doing 
in class? 

b KJiacce? 

/What did student 
in class?/ 

£. CTyAQHT OTBQ^iajj 

B. The student was answer¬ 
ing a question. 
/Student answered 

Ha Bonpoo. 

on question./ 


Par.11* 


Maiiop k KanHTaH 

The major and the captain 
were at headquarters. 

6imh b nrrade. 

/Major and captain were 
in staff./ 

BOMdap* HpOBIipiK 

A bomber was parked in 

cto sul b aHrape, a 

the hangar, and a fighter 
on the strip. 

/Bomber stood in hangar, 
and destroyer in strip./ 

hot pe 6 ht eji b Ha nomoce. 


Pa^HoT cjuana.* 

The radio-operator heard 

BH30B, HO IIH^XO. 

the call, but not too well. 

/Radio-operator heard 
call, but badly./ 


48 


R-6 L.3,P.I 



par.12 


A. Kto 3T0? 


£. 3to oTyxeHT 


z cTy^eHTna. 


A. Who»re those pebple? 
/Who _ this?/ 

3. Students - a fellow 
and a girl. 

/This __ student and 
studentess.) 


0 kom xyusui 
cTyjxeHT? 


A• Whom was the student 
thinking about? 
/About whom thought 
student?/ 


£. Oh Ayuaji o 


CTyAOHTK©• 


B. He was thinking about 
the girl student. 

/He thought about 
studentess./ 


^TO 3T0? 


£. 3to Kapraj 


Ha Kapre AuepHKa 


vl Eb porta, 


A. What's this? 

/What this?/ 

B. This is a map; 

America and Europe 
are on the map. 

/This map; on map 
America and Europe./ 


4. Bh tlMTSUlH 06 


AuepzKe? 


A» Have you read about 
America? 

/you read about 
America?/ 


£. ita, a tuiTaui 06 


AMepzKe, a o uqm 


BH UHTSUtH? 


B. Yes , I've read about 
Amefiba, and what 
have ybu been reading 
about? 

/Yes, I read about 
America, and about 
what you read?/ 


49 


R-6 X.3,P.I 




A. fl HMTaji 06 EBpone. 

A. I f va been reading 
about Europe. 

/I read about Europe./ 

Par.13. 


4* ^TO 3T0? 

A. What *3 this? 

/What this?/ 

£. 3to noji. 

B. This is the floor. 
/This floor./ 

4 . r*e KapaHAam? 

A* Where 1 s the pencil? 
/Where pencil?/ 

£>. KapaHjam Ha 

B. The pencil is on 
the floor. 

nojiy. 

/Pencil on floor./ 

4 . ^[TO 3T0? 

A. ’What ! s that? 

/What this?/ 

£. 3to jiqo. 

B. That's a forest. 
/This forest./ 

4 . rA© COJI^aTH? 

A* ’Where are the soldiers? 
/Where soldiers?/ 

£. Co-waTa b 

B. The soldiers are in 

jnecy. 

the forest. 

/Soldiers in forest./ 

4. ^TO 3T0? 

A. What 's that? 

~ /What this?/ 

£. 3to oHer. 

B. That f s snow. 

“ /This snow./ 

4. TA 0 TaHKH? 

A. Where are the tanks? 

” /Where tanks?/ 

£• TaHKH b cHery. 

B. The tanks are in 
the snow. 

/Tank in snow./ 


50 


R -6 L.3.P.I 




A* r*e 6oft? 

A. Where is the battle 
going on? 

/Where battle?/ 

£♦ B BO3^yX0. 

B* The battle is going 
on in the air. 
/Battle in air./ 

A» OEMOJUeTH? 

A. Where are the planes? 

“ /Where planes?/ 

£. CauojfteTH 

B. The planes are in 
the battle. 

B 60K>. 

/Planes 
in battle./ 

A* 0 ueu roBopiu 

A. What was the captain 
talking about? 

/About what talked 

KauMTaH? 

captain?/ 

£. KanHTaH roBopiu 

B. The captain was 

o 6oe b Boaxyxe. 

talking about the 
battle in the air. 
/Captain talked 
about battle in air./ 




51 


P-6 L.3,P.I 



2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS 


Par.10 . In the sentence "The man killed the bear", 

the word "bear" is the direct object of "killed", in 

x\j-J>ca ft *S 

English, noun? have the same form as direct objects 
that they have as subjects, so you are not accustomed 
to recognizing direct objects. But you must learn to 
recognize them habitually, because most Russian nouns 
change their form when they are direct objects . The 
special form of a noun used as a direct object is 
called the accusative case , even when it has the same 
shape as the nominative case. For neuter nouns and 
for masculine nouns which refer to inanimate things, 
the accusative singular is the same as the nominative 

singular. 

PaaiicTKa noBTOpaaa The radio-operator (fern.) 

BH30B. was repeating the call. 

JleTTjMK buaqji uope. The flyer saw (was seeing) 

the sea. 

NOTE : Where the English verb "to listen" requires "to" 

before the direct object, Russian "cjiyiiiaTB"("to listen 

to") never has a preposition before its direct object, 

which is in the accusative case. 

PouaH k TaTBHHa Roman and Tatiana were 

oAyinajiit pa;mio. listening to the radio. 


52 


R—5 L.3,P.I. 












On the other hand the Russian verb "oTBeq&TB" 
(to answer) requires the preposition "Ha” before the 
nouns "Bonpoc" (a question) and "bh?ob" (a call). 


EXAMPLES: 

CcuuaT OTBeqalzi The soldier was answering 

Ha b onpoo , the question. 


w KMeB B He OTBe^iaji "Kiev” did not answer 

Ha BH3QB , the call. 


("He", which means "not", always stands before the 
negated word.) 


Par.11. There are three words in Russian 
"h", "a", "ho", which occupy the places filled in 
English by "and" and "but"; in Russian they corre¬ 
spond : 

a) and 

joining 


3A0OB nunoTKa h 

HaymHHKH. 

Mh jieTajm B^epa 
h oero^CHH. 


Here are the overseas cap 
and the earphones. 

We were flying yesterday 
and today. 


H cojuaT, « oh 
cojd^aT. 


I am a soldier, and he is 
a soldier. 


53 


R-6 L.3,P.I 





and,but 
<— a -> 

Difference or contrast 


b) 


IlMJlOTKa 3A0OB, 

a none TaM. 


The overseas cap is here, 
and the belt is there. 


3to nepo, a He 
KapaHj&m. 


This is a pen, and not 
a pencil. 


fl cojuaT, a oh I am a soldier, but he is 

o$*mep. an officer. 


c) 


but 

ho 


Is used to express limitation of the first state¬ 
ment by the second statement. 


*) 


+ 


,HO 


**) 



*) 


MH BU3UBaaH "KH©B n , 
ho oh He OTBe^aji. 


We were calling "Kiev”, 
but it was not answering. 


fl jojiro cjyinaji pa*KO, 
ho cjiumaji nnoxo. 


I was listening to the 
radio for a long time, 
but was hearing poorly. 


54 


R-6 1*3,P.I 







Oh bmqa iu 6xo, 
ho optima;! xopouio. 


Ho was seeing poorly, 
but v/as hearing v/ell. 


Oh He 6m 3 mxaSo, He v/asn't at headquarters, 

ho 3iia^ o npnKa3e. but knew about the order. 


Par.12. After verbs of "thinking 11 and "saying", 
where English' uses the preposition "of" or "about". Russian 
puts the preposition "o" which requires the prepositional case, 
"o" becomes " 06 " before a word beginning with a vowel. 


JIotwik roBopix The flyer spoke 

o TyMaHo. about the fog. 

Ohh xyuajiH 06 They were thinking of 

AuepHKe. America. 

0 KOJ4? (about whom?) is the preposlt.case of kto ? (who?). 

0 3*014? (about what?) is the preposlt.oase of uto? (what?). 


Par.15. To show location, certain masculine nouns 
(mostly monosyllabic) have the prepositional oase ending "y 
(always accented) Instead of "e". 

Kapawtam jexsU na The pencil was (lying) on 

iiqjij. the floor. 


Mh 6hik b jecv m We were In a forest and 

otooim b oHorjf. were standing In the snow. 


N 


The prepositional ending 
after the preposition "o". 

Ohm roBopiijiH o cnere 
£ xeojr. 

a roBopiu o Jiece. 


"y" never , however, ooours 

They spoke about the snow 
in the forest. 

I spoke about the forest. 


NOTEt A few masculine nouns ending in "#• (like "6ofP) may 


have "xP after the preposition "b" in the preposi¬ 
tional case. 


a Toae 6 um 
B 60 & 0 . 


I also was 
in the battle. 


Ohm xyMajM 
o doe. 


They were thinking 
about the battle. 


65 


R-6J^5,P.I 





P A R T II 


Text ,f B ,f • 


A» /Who _ you?/ A. Who»re you? 

B. /I _ student./ B. I’m a student. 

A. /You were on lesson?/ A* Were you at the lesson? 


B. /Yes, was./ 


B. Yes, I was. 


A# /What you there did?/ A. What did you do there? 
B. /i answered on B. I was answering 


questions./ 
/Cadets wrote 
on board?/ 

B. /No, but they 

wrote on paper./ 
A. /You well knew 
lesson?/ 

B. /Yes,well. I re¬ 


questions. 

A* Did the students write 

on the board? 

B. No, but they 
wrote on paper. 

A. Did you know the 
lesson well? 

B. Yes, 1 did. I re¬ 


peated all lessons./ viewed all the lessons 


56 


R-6 ,!►. 3, P # i t 




UCTt II. 


Tqkot w B”. 



A. 3h xopom<!> 3Hajm 
ypoK? 

Ja, xopoiao. fl no- 

BTopafl Bee yp^KH. 


Knew 




57 


R-6,I..3,P.I. 









A. /What you did 
yesterday?/ 

B./Yesterday I wrote*/ 

A« /What you wrote?/ 

B./l wrote letter./ 

A* /And what you did 
today?/ 

B. /Today I was on 
radiostation./ 

A. /Whcit did there 
radio-operators?/ 
B./Radio-operators called 
staff./ 

A«/staff answered on 
call?/ 

B. /No, 


A* What did you do 

yesterday? 

B. Yesterday I was 
writing. 

A. What were you writing? 

B. I was writing a letter 
A. And what did you do 
today? 

B. Today I was at the 
radiostation. 

A. What were the radio¬ 
operators doing there? 

B. The radio-operators 
were calling H.Q. 

Did H.Q. answer the 
call? 

No, H.Q. was silent. 


staff kept-silent./ B, 


58 


R-6,r,.3,P.I 


A. *Ito bh zejiajivL 
B^iopa? 

B. Baepd a mio qji» 
*Ito bh imoajiH? 

£. H nwoaji nacBMO. 

A. A aTO bh AeaajiM 

cerojHa? 

£• Cero,nna a 6wi na 
pa,5MOCTaHI^MM . 

<A. *Ito ^ejiajiu Tan 

pa^HOTH? 

Pa^MCTH BHSHBajIM 
mra6. 

A. HlTa6 OTB©tj£n na 
BH30B? . 

Hqt, nrrad uojinaji. 



© 




1 

/ 


R~ 6 ,L• 3 ,P,l* 


59 












A. /What then did 


A. What did the radio¬ 


radio-operators?/ 

B. /Then radio-operators 
repeated call*/ 

A. /You in-morning listened 
radio?/ 

B* /Listened./ 

A# /About what spoke 
today?/ 

B. /Spoke about battle 
in air./ 

A. /And about major today 
spoke?/ 

B. /About whom?/ 

A. /About major./ 

B. /Not hea-d. There 
bad microphone./ 


operators do then? 

B. The radio-operators 
then repeated the call* 
A. Did you listen to the 
radio this morning? 

B. I did. 

A. What did they talk 
about today? 

B. They talked about 

the battle in the 
air. 

A. Did they speak about 

the major today? 

B. About whom? 

A* About the major. 

B. I didn»t hear. They 
have a bad micro¬ 
phone. 

) R-6,L.3,p. 1 # 



61 


R-6,I..3,P.i. 



















A» /All airplanes were 
in battle?/ 

B-« /No, in battle were 
only destroyers./ 
A. /And today bombers 
flew?/ 

B* /No, was cloudiness 
and fog./ 

A. /Yesterday battle was 
onlj in air?/ 

B. /No, on ground also 
was battle./ 

A. /Where, in field?/ 

B-. /No, only 
in forest./ 

A* /Tanks were in battle?/ 
B. /Yes, were./ 


A* Were all the planes 
in the battle? 

B. No, only the fighters 
were in the battle. 

A. Did the bombers fly 
today? 

B. No, it was cloudy 
and foggy. 

A. Was there only aerial 
combat yesterday? 

B. No, there was also 
combat on the ground. 
A. Where, in the field? 

B. No, only in 

the forest. 

A. Were the tanks in 
the battle? 

B. Yes, they were. 


62 


R-6,L.3,p.i * 


A. Bco cauojieTH 6wix 
B 60:6? 

Hqt, b 606 6hjih 


A• A cero^Hfl 6oM6apjHpoB- 
milKM JIQTaJIM? 

H©t, 6 i&aa o6jiaqHooTB 
h TyiiaH. 



TODAY * 




63 


R-6 ,L • 3 > P • I 










Am /Where you saw 
tanks?/ 

B./l sav/ tanks 
on road* You 
read today 
order?/ 

Am /Yes, read; he 
on board*/ 

B* /Captain and sergeant 
also read?/ 

A* /Sergeant read, but 
captain not read./ 

B* /And I thought, all 


A 


A. 


A. 


• Where did you see 
the tanks? 

B. I saw the tanks on 
the road. Did you 
read the orders 
today? 

. Yes, I did; they»re 

on the board. 

B. Did the captain and 
the sergeant read 
them, too? 

The sergeant read them, 
but the captain 


didn't. 

B. And I thought every- 


read./ 


one read them. 


64 


H-6,L*3,P.I • 


A. r\ae bu bjuqjiji 




£• A a ayiiaji, bco I THOUGHT.., 

tiMTajipi. 


65 


H-6 ,L*3jP.i, 













PART III 


READER. 


!• KypcaHTH u KypcaHTKH OTBetiajn* Ha Bonpdcn. 

8. PaflMocTaHijjiH aojiro BH3HBajia mTa6. 

3. Tqjlbko Maftop qMTaji rrpHKa 3 . 

4. "MooKBa" BH3HBajia B Khqb n , ho oh He OTBeqaji. 

5. TaHKH oToaaH Ha aopore b cHery. 

6. KapTa 6 hji a b KOMHaTe Ha ct©h©. 

7. Ha nojiy" jieasLan KHHrn h KapaH^aniH. 

8. Hto bh je^ajiH B^iepa? - H rmcaji iihobmo. 

9. Bh ojiymajH pajno ceronHH yTpon? - Aa, cjiymji. 

10. Bh OJi^majiH o 6oe b Boa.ayxe? - Jta, cjiHinaji. 

11. Bh JieTa^M B^epa? - Hot, He jigtzji, Ha aapo^poiie 

6wi TyuaH. 

18. Bh cJiHina^H bh30b? - Aa, cjinmaji, ho naoxo. 

13. 0 qeM oh roBopita? - Oh roBopiui o KHHre. 

14. 0 kou OHa jyuajia? - OHa ayuaxa o JieiiTeHaHTe. 

15. Kan paancTH oJnimajiH bhsob? - Xopomo. 

16. Bh bj*h©jiii mhkpo<J)oh? - Aa, oh Ha okhq\ 


67 


R -6 L.3,P.III 




PAR T IV. 


HOMEWORK. 

Translate into Russian; 

(Translate the meaning, not the wordsi) 

A. Where were the soldiers yesterday? 

B. They were in the forest. 

A. And v/here v/ere you? 

B. We were in class. 

A. What were you doing? 

B. We were listening to the radio. 

A. What were the cadets doing? 

B. They were reviewing the lesson. 

A. Who was answering questions? 

B. The girl radio-operator was. 

A. Whom was she talking about? 

B. She was talking about the captain. 

A. Did you see the orders? 

B. Yes, it was lying on the table. 


68 


R--6jL.3,p.iv. 




CLIOBAPL. 


(Conj.) 


Soft (m.) 

6 OH 
6 OH 

6o©b 


BJi*0TB (V.Imp.) 
BH*y 
BHAHULb 
B*MHT 


Bonpoo (M.) 
Bonpdca 
Bonp6cH 
BonpdcOB 


BH30B (M.) 

BH30Ba 

BHSOBH 

BU30B0B 

BHSHBaTB (V.Imp.) 
BH 3 HB &0 
BH3HB A© mb 
BH3HBaiOT 


roBopHTB (V. Imp.) 
roBopw 
rOBOpHIEb 
TOBOpHT 

^yiiaTB (V.Imp.) 
jjrMaro 
ayuaeniB 
AfusaoT 

3HaTB (V.Imp.) 

3 HSLI 0 
3 Ha© mb 
3 HaiOT 


69 


VOCABULARY. 

but (and) 
battle 

to see 


question 


call 


to call 


to apeak, 
to talk 


to think, 
to suppose 


to know 


R-6 ,L .3, Vocab • 





KypcaHT (m.) 
KypcaHTa 
KypcaHT h 
K ypcaHTOB 


Jieo (M.) 
Jieca 
Jaeca 
jaecoB 


uhkpo$oh (m.) 

UHKpO$OHa 

MHKPO$OHH 

UHKpO^OHOB 


MOJiqaTB 

MOJdqjT 

UOJiqHULb 

UOJiqaT 


HO 


o, 06 


(V.Imp.) 

(Conj.) 

(Prep.) 


o6jiaqHOcTB (P.) (Sing. only) 
OSjiaqHOOTH 


OTBeqaTB (V.Imp.) 
OTBeqaro 
OTBeqaemB 
OTBeqaioT 


niioaTB (V.Imp*) 
mimy 
nfoaenib 
nnmyT 


student, 

cadet 


forest, 

woods 


microphone 


to keep silent 


but 


about, 
concerning 


cloudiness, 

overcast 


to answer, 
to reply 


to write 


70 


R-6 ,L.3, Vocab 


iimcbuo^ (N.) letter 

nifcBMa (epistle) 

IdOBMa 
roiceii 


iiobt opaT b (V.imp.) 

noBTopajo 
noBTopaemb 
noBTopaioT 


to repeat, 
to review 


no^ (M.) floor 

nojia 
nojiH 
nojiOB 


npiiKaa (m.) 
npuKaaa 
npMK^LSH 
npjnca30B 


order, 
orders, 
command 


cjiymaTB (V.Imp.) 
ojiywaao 
cJi^inaemB 
CJiymaioT 


to listen, 
to listen to 


OJinmaTB (V.Imp.) to hear 


caHmy 

CJIKfflUHIB 

cjitanaT 



Tor.ua 

(Adv.) 

then, 

in that case 

t6jibko 

(Adv.) 

only, 

merely, 

but 

TywaH 

Tywaaa 

TyMSlHH 

TyM^HOB 

(M.) 

fog 


71 


R-6 ,L.3, Vocab 


lesson 


ypoK (m.) 

ypona 

ypOKM 

ypOKOB 


tWTaTB (V.lmp.) to read 

miTaio 
qMTaentb 
WT&sor 


72 


R-6 ,L«3, Vocab 


HETBEPTHM YPOK 


FOURTH LESSON 


PART I. 


1 ) Text "A" 

- STRUCTURAL FEATURES. 


Par. 14 . 


A. *Ito bh ,nejia©T©? 

A. What are you doing? 
/What you do?/ 

£-. H tuiTaio. 

B. 1*111 reading. 

/i read./ 

A. A tito oh jejiaeT? 

A. Well, what’s he doing? 
/And what he does?/ 

Oh toe© qnTa©T. 

B. He’s reading, too. 
/He also reads./ 

4. UlTO BH MHTaOT©? 

A.What are you reading? 
/What you read?/ 

£. Mh xuiTaeu 

B. We’re reading 

ra 3 ©TH. 

newspapers • 

/We read 
newspapers./ 

4. A tito jejiaioT 

A. And what are 

CTy^©HTH? 

the students doing? 

/And what do students?/ 

£. Ohm xiHTattT aMajior. 

B. They are reading 
the dialogue, 

/They read dialogue./ 

4. Bh 3Ha©T©, rjK© uaiiop? 

A* Do you know where 
the major is? 

/You know where major?/ 

£. H©t, mh h© 3Ha©M. 

B./No, we don’t. . 

— /no; we not know./ 


73 


R-6,L.4,F.I 







A* A KTO 3HaeT? 

£. 0$Hn;epH 3HaioT. 

A, Hue ceifaac o$kd;©ph? 

£• fl H© 3HaiO. 

A* ^TO BU il©Jia©T©? 

£. H ronny. 

^to Bbi rouneTe? 

£. H rouny iimcbmo. 

A* A *ito miineT 
pajMcTKa? 

OHa toe© mun©T 
nHCBMo'. 

A. *Ito mcniyT CTy- 
AGHTH? 

£. Ohm iuunyT 
iMKTOBKy. 


A. Well, who does? 

/And who knows?/ 

B. The officers know. 
/Officers know./ 

A. Where are the officers now? 
/Where now officers?/ 

B. I don't know. 

/i not know./ 

A. What are you doing? 

/What you do?/ 

B. I'm writing. 

/i write./ 

A* What are you writing? 

/What you write?/ 

B. I'm writing a letter. 

/I write letter./ 

A* What's the girl radio¬ 
operator writing? 

/And what writes radio- 
operatress?/ 


B. She's also writing 
a letter. 

/She also writes 
letter./ 


A» What are the students 
writing? 

/What write students?/ 


B. They are writing 
a dictation. 
/They write 
dictation./ 


74 


R-6,L.4,P.l. 


A* *lTO BH ^©Jia©T© 

A. What do you do 

In class? 

B KHacc©? 

/What you do 

In class?/ 

£. B Knacce uei xmTa©M 

B. Wa read and write 

m mimeM no-pyccKH. 

Russian in class. 

/in class w© read 
and write in-Russian./ 

A. Bh roBOpMT© no- 

A* Do you speak 

Russian? 

pyccKH? 

/You speak in-Russian?/ 

£. ,1a, h roBopio, 

B. Yes, I do. 

ho wioxo • 

but not very well. 
/Yes, I speak 
but badly./ 

A* A oh roBopHT no- 

A. Does he speak 

Russian? 

pyccKH? 

/And he speaks 
in-Russian?/ 

,1a, OH rOBOpHT f 

B. Yes, he does; 
we all speak 

MH BC© rOBOpMM 

Russian. 

/Yes, he speaks; 
we all speak in- 

no-pyccKM. 

Russ I an./ 

A. ^to jejiaioT oTy^eHTH 

A. What do the students 
do in class? 

b iuacc©? 

/What do students 

In class?/ 

Ohm roBopHT, mmtbjot 

B. They speak, read 
and write Russian. 

m nMuiyT no-pycoKM • 

/They speak, read 
and write in-Russian./ 


7 *> 


R- 6 ,L. 4 ,P.I 


Ha ctoji© jieaajni: 

One pencil, 
one book. 

05 mh KapaH^ag, 

and one pen 
lay on the table# 

/On table lay 

0,5 Ha KHHra h 

one pencil, 
one book and 
one pen./ 

05 ho nepo. 



Oh 6wi b Mockb© 

He»s been to Moscow 

TOJIBKO 05 HH pa3 . 

only onc6. 

/He was in San Francisco 
only one time./ 

Bh 05 hh 6wm 

Were you in the room 

b KOMHaTe? - ,Ha, 

alone? - Yes, I was 
in the room all by 
myself# 

/You one were 

a 6tw 05 hh B 

in room? - Yes, 

I was one in 
room/ 

KOMHaTe. 



OHa 05Ha 3Hsua 

She alone knew 

ypoK. 

the lesson# 

/She one knew 
lesson./ 


76 


R-6.E.4.P.I 


2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS 


Par>14 . 

The different forms of the verb in the Russian 
past tense (used so far) show the number of the subject 
(singular or plural), and, for singular subjects, 
show gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter). 

But in the present tense the system is different 5 
gender is not shown. Instead, the verb-form changes 
to show what is called person - whether the subject 
is the speaker ( first person singular ) of several 
people including the speaker ( first person plural ), 
the person or persons addressed ( second person , 
singular or plural ), or someone else ( third person , 
singular and plural ). 

The 2nd person singular "th" is used only in 
speaking to a person you know very intimately or 
to small children; otherwise, the 2 nd person w bh” 
is used, meaning either one person or several. 

There are two basic types of conjugation, charac¬ 
terized by the vowel of the ending. 


77 


R-6,L.4,P.l 

















first co::.r: ,v 'Tio;T. 


SECOND CONJUGATION. 


(It is formed by Shopping two 
letters from the infinitive 
and adding the present tense 
endings.) 


Infinitive 

mmtsi 

Present tense 

A MMTa 
TH AMTa 
OH,OHa,OHO xiMTa 
mn AMTa 
BH AHT^ 
OHM AMTa 


(It is formed by dropping 
three letters from the 
infinitive and adding the 
present tense endings.) 

Infinitive 


TB 

Present 

tense 

TOBOp 

MTB 

K> 


A 

roBop 

/ 

TO 

eniB 


TH 

roBop 

HHB 

eT 

OH, 

OHa,OHO 

roBop 

MT 

©m 


UH 

roBop 

MM 

©T© 


BH 

roBop 

MT© 

JOT 


OHM 

roBop 

s 

AT 


nitive 


infinitive 


jejia 

Present tense 

h jejia 
th zejia 

OH,OHa,OHO jejia 
mh xe jia 
bh xejia. 
ohm Mejia 


TB 

Present tense 

CTO 

HTB 

K) 

A 

CTO 

✓ 

K> 

©MB 

TH 

CTO 

HUIB 

©T 

OH,OHa,OHO 

CTO 

MT 

©M 

UH 

CTO 

MM 

©T© 

BH 

CTO 

MT© 

K>T 

OHM 

CTO 

y 

AT 


78 


R-6 y L.4,P.l 
















The following verbs from this and preceding lessons 
belong to the First Conjugation and are conjugated as 
"tiHTaTB 0 and "aeaaTB": 

jieTaTB, padOTaTB, BHSHBaTB, jyuaTB, 

/ / / / 

OTBexiaTB, IIOBTOpHTB, CayiliaTB, 3HaTB, 

06 -bhchhtb (to explain), noHMMaTB (to understand). 
The verbs aexaTB, MOjinaTB, cJiiiiraTB and yaMTB(to study, 
to teach) belong to the Second Conjugation, are conjugated 
like "roBopMTB" and "ctohtb" but they follow the spelling 
rules of sibilants. This means that after x, 2 ,ni, and 5 
instead of "ro" and "a" are written ”y M and "a". 


Infinitive 



a ©a 

STB 

caiam 

aTB 

Moaa 

aTB 

ya 

MTB 

Present tense 








a 

J!©K 

/ 

y 

/ 

CJIHl 

y 

Moaa 

y 

y^ 

/ 

y 

TN 

aes 

/ 

MUtb 

caum 

MfflB 

Moaa 

MMB 

Y* 

mjhb 

OH, OHa, OHO 

JLQ2L 

MT 

caHm 

MT 

Moaa 

MT 

/ 

y^ 

MT 

MH 

aea 

MM 

caHin 

MM 

Moaa 

s 

MM 

Y* 

MM 

BH 

aea 

MTe 

canm 

MT© 

Moaa 

MTe 

Yi 

MT© 

OHM 

aes 

/ 

aT 

caiin 

aT 

Moaa 

aT 

y* 

aT 


Listen to the teacher say "aexMT". Notice that he 
pronounces where 11 a" is written. This is also true 

of "cjmnuiT ff • Remember that after ?, m" and f, * u you will 

hear "g" but you must never write "h"; in most places. 


79 


R-6.L.4,P.I 









as here, you write "dm" and "sm". 

The verbs rf BJtn©TB w (to see) and ,, cJweTB ,r (to be in a 
sitting position) also belong to the Second Conjugation 
with "n M changing to M x ,f in the first person; 
infinitive 



BM* 

0TB 

CMH 

0TB 

Present tense 

A BMJK 

y 

CMS 

/ 

y 

TH 

BMJ 

muib 

CM 

MffiB 

OH, OHa, OHO 

BM.JL 

MT 

CM# 

MT 

UH 

BMA 

MU 

CM* 

MU 

BH 

Bih 

MTe 

CMH 

MT© 

OHM 

bmjd; 

AT 

CM* 

AT 




— 


The verb "micaTB" belongs to the First Conjugation 
but does not foliow the pattern of "mfTaTB"; its 
present' tense has the stem "mm-" instead of "mica-”. 


Infinitive 


mica 


TB 


Present tense 


h mini 
tk mini 
OH,OHa,OHO mim 
uh mim 
bh mim 
ohm mim 


y 

eniB 

©T 

eu 

©Te 

yr 


^Listen to the teacher say 
11 mini© t 11 , Notice that he pro¬ 
nounces "h" where "e w is written, 
just as he does in ^cjihiiimt", where 
"m" is written. A11hough usual 1 y 
’’mu” is written for this combina¬ 
tion of sounds, remember that in 
this verb you must write "ffle". 


80 


R-6* L.4,P.I. 















tion. M03t VSrbS endins in * -KTB ” belong to the second conjuga- 

In all other cases the present tense forms must be learned 
separately for each verb. 


I saw only one 
plane. 


Par .15. The word " 0,g%H rT (one) has three genders In 

Russian and must agree in gender with the noun it modifies* 

ft BM5©5 tcxh&ko 05mh 
caMOJieT. 

S* 00 ,* btuia 05Ha KHMra, There was one book. 

okho nepo h 05 MH na- one pencil and one pen 

papain. here. 

" 04 HH paa"or merely "pas" i 3 used in the meaning "once", 
"one time", "once upon a time", in counting "pas" is also 
used instead of "ojhh" (meaning "one"). 


( 05MH ) pa 3 1£H BM565M 
6oii b B035yxe. 

Mh bh5©5M 6ofr b BC3xyxe 
(tojibko) 05 MH pa3. 

Pas, XBa, tpm... 


Once we saw a battle in 
the air. 

We»ve seen a battle in 
the air (only) once. 

One, two, three... 


Oxmh ( 05 Ha, °5 hm) is used in the meaning of "alone". 


Oh jreTsU oxmh. 

OHa TaM 0 , 5 Ha. 

Mk 6h5M 05 HM B KOMHaT© 


He was flying alone. 

She*s alone there. 

We were alone in the room. 


"05MH" may also mean 
or pronouns: 

Oh °5mh b Kaacce. 

05,Ha OHa cjttfcanajia 
BH30B• 

Mh 05 hm bm5©jim 6oft 
B B035yxe. 

B miacc© 6hji m 05 hm 
0Ty5©HTH. 


"only" when used with nouns 

Only he is in the class¬ 
room. 

Only she heard the call. 

Only we saw the battle 
In the air. 

Only the students were 
in the classroom. 


81 


R-6,L.4,P.I 



PAR T_II 


Text "B". 

Af/Who in class?/ A. Who»s In class? 


B f /ln class cadets 

B. The students and the 

and teacher./ 

teacher are in class. 

A./What does teacher?/ A. 

What is the teacher doing? 

B./Teacher stands and 

B. The teacher is standing 

explains lesson./ 

and explaining the lesson 

A*/What do A. 

What are the students 

cadets?/ 

doing? 

B./Cadets sit 

B. The students are sitting 

and listen./ 

and listening. 

A./Cadets understand a. 

Do the students understand 

what speaks teacher?/ 

what the teacher is saying? 

B*/Yes, they well 

B. Yes, they understand very 


understand when teapher well when the teacher 
speaks slowly./ talks slowly. 


82 


R-6_J,.4,P.H 




UCTL II 



KypcaHTH? 

£. KypcaHTH CIMHT 

h cjiymaKT. 

A* KypcaHTH noHiaiajDT, 



*ITO TOBOpHT ytIHT©JIB? 

£. Jta, ohm xopomo 

noHMMaioT, Kor^a yuHTejit 

TOBOpHT M©,5JieHHO. 



83 


R-6,L.4,P.II. 











A./And you understand, 
when teacher 
speaks rapidly?/ 

B*/Yes, understand, but 
badly./ 

Af/What then does 
teacher?/ 

B./Then he writes 
word on board./ 
A*/You also write 
on board?/ 

B./No, we write 
on paper./ 

A«/Where works 

radio-operatress?/ 

B./She works 

on ra. ..tion./ 

*The word "paima" is 
word "pajjiocT^HhHfl" 


A. How about you, do you under 
stand when the teacher 
talks fast? 

B. Yes, but not very 
well. 

A. What does the teacher 
do next? 

B. Next he writes 

a word on the 
blackboard. 

A. Do you write on the 
blackboard too? 

B. No, we write 
on paper. 

A. Where does the girl 
radio-operator work? 


B. She works at the 
radio station. 

the widely used abbreviation of the 


84 


P.-6*L.4,P.n 



A bh noHHMaeTe, 

oHP e^^° 

Korxa ytiMTejiB 

i^a 

f ' \ -A 

f A 

roBOpHT 6 ncTpo? 


if€T' 

^a, nOHHM^IO, HO 


/\ r» 


ruioxo. 

A. qTO Torxa jejiaeT 
yTizTejiB? 

£. Tor\na oh rouneT 

CJIOBO Ha £0CK6 • 






6 


0 < 




A* Bh Toxe miineTe 

Ha .aocKe? 

£• H©t, mh muneM 
Ha 6yMare. 

A. I\ne pa6oTa©T 
pa^MCTKa? 

OHa pa6oTaeT 
Ha paqjfK. 


Vou 

TOO 


? 





85 


A.-6 A.4.P.II 








A. /And where ra.,.tion?/ 

33. /Ra...tion _ in blindage./ 
A. /What radio-operatress 
there now does?/ 

B./She calls staff./ 

A. /Staff answers?/ 

B* /No,staff keeps-silent, 
and radio-operatress re¬ 
peats call./ 

A* /Radio-operatress __ one 
in blindage?/ 

B. /No, there also _ 
mechanics and one 
navigator./ 

A. /Tankers _ there?/ 

B./No, they __ on 
tank-drome./ 


A. And where’s the radio 
station? 

B. The radio station’s in 
the dugout. 

A. ’that's the girl radio¬ 
operator doing there 
now? 

B. She’s calling H.Q. 

A. Does H.Q. answer? 

B. No, there’s no answer, 
but the girl radio¬ 
operator keeps calling. 
A. Is the girl radio-operator 
alone in the dugout. 

B. No, there are 

some mechanics and, 

one navigator there, 
too. 

A. Are there any tankers 
there? 

B. No, they’re on the 
tank range. 


86 


R-6,L.4,P.II 


A. A r\ne parkin? 

B. Pamia b djunuax^. 

A. qTO pa^wcTKa 

Tan cQMxiao AejiaeT? 

B. OHa BuatiBaeT mTa6. 

A, DlTa6 OTBeqaeT? 

B* H©t, inTa6 mojitimt, 

m pa^McTKa noBTopa©T 

/ 

BH3QB• 




87 


H -6 ,L «,4 ,P«n 







A. /Commander also 

A. Is the commander on 

_ on tank-drome?/ 

t<h& tank range too? 

B* /No, he _ in 

B. No, he»s at 

staff./ 

headquarters. 

A* /What he does?/ 

A. What»s he doing? 

B, /I think, that 

B. I think that 

he reads 

he»s reading 

radiograms./ 

radiograms. 


88 


R-6,L.4,P.II 


A. KouaiiUMp TOxe 


na TaHKO^poiie? 
B. H©t, oh b 
nrra6e • 

A. ^ITO OH 

A©jia©T? 

a ayyaio, ^to 

oh xjMTaeT 

pa^HorpaMMH. 



9 



89 


B-6,W4,P.II 









PART III 


READER . 

1. KypcaHT rOBopiiT no-pyocKM we.iueHHO, ho miTaeT 6 hctpo. 

2. Kor.ua h cjihiieui bhsob, h ^yuaji, qTO sto roBopMT 3eMJiH. 

3. IIiicbmo jiesajio o,hhh johb b mTa 6 e. 

4. CTy^GHTH Buepa jiojiro cnzejivi b Kaacce h y^HJin 6yKBH. 

5. Ha TaHKO^pOMQ h Ha flopore ctoht TaHKH. 

6 . Mh 3HaeM sto cjiobo no-anrjiMiicKii, ho ho 3HaeM no- 
pyocKM. 

7. JleHTQHaHT OpuiOB o 6 bhchh 0 t ypOK b Knacce. 

8 . Bee bmhtobkm m naTpoHH jneaaT b Ojnninase. 

9. MexaHHKM .neHB h houb pa 6 o f raioT b a Hr ape. 

10. 3^eoi> JieawT tojibko o^na KHiira w o.zuih KapaHjam. 

11. H naoxo noHnwaio, nor^a bh roBopuTQ 6 hctpo. 

12. KoMaH^wp yTpovi b ropo^e, a oefttiac oh b mTa 6 e. 

13. Ha Kpume ctomt tojibko o,b;mh nposceKT op • 

/ / / / 

14. CepsaHT o^hh pa 3 jieTaji Ha HCTpeO^'pejne. 

15. Ha napTe mh bhjuim ropo^, aspoapoM h TaHKO^poM. 

16. UlTypMaH CM.IWT b Ojnnmase' 11 nj^meT nwcBMC* no-p^ccKH. 


90 


R-6,L.4,P.HI. 




PAR T IV, 


HOMEWORK . 

Translate into Russian; 

(Translate the meaning, not the wordsJ) 

A. Who is sitting there in the room? 

B. Officers are sitting in the room, 

A» What are they doing? 

B. They are listening and writing. 

A. Are the students writing in Russian or in English now? 

B. They are writing in Russian, 

A. Where are the books lying? 

B, The books are lying on the table, 

A. What is the teacher doing? 

B, He is standing and explaining the lesson. 

A. Do you understand what the teacher is saying? 

B. Yes, I understand everything, but I am thinking 
about the girl radio-operator. 


91 


R-6, L.4, P.IV, 







Cl05APB. 


VOCABULARY 


6yKBa (P) 

6^kbh 

6yKBH 

6yKB 

letter (of alphabet) 

fijumnas (jj) 

6jmH,nasca 

6jiMH,nasM 

6jmH,nasc^M 

dugout, bunker,blindage, 
overhead cover 

« 

dacTpo (Adv.) 

fast, quickly 

M0JUQHHO (Adv.) 

slowly 

HOXIB (F) 

HO tin 

HOtIM 

HOtieii 

night 

oe-BHOHHTB ( V. Imp . ) 
o6bhchhk> 
o6bhchh©ihb 
o6bhchhk>t 

to explain 

onnH y (Masc.) (Num.) 
on Ha (Pern. ) 
onHO (Neuter) 
onH^ (plural) 

one; alone 

no-aHrji hhc km (Adv.) 

(in) English 

noHtfuaTB (V.lmp.) 
noHMMaio 

noHKMaeniB 

noHiiMaioT 

to understand, 
to comprehend, 
to realize 


92 


R-6,L.4,Vocab 




no-pyoo km (Adv.) 


(in) Russian 


pa3 (M.) 
p^3a 

onco, one 

pan;MH /abbr. " paAMocTarajHa/ (P) 
par^MM 
paijKM 

P&UHVl 

radiostation 

CM50TB (V.Imp.) 

cm xy, 

CM4HQI& 

CMA^T 

to sit 

OJIC^BO (N) 

cJicfea 

cJiOBa 

CJIOB 

word 

T^Kse (part,) 

also, too, likewise 

TaHKOApOM (JJ.) 

TaHKO^poua 

TaHKOAP^MH 

TaHKO^pOMOB 

tank range 

ywTb (V.Imp •) 

Y,VY 

jraMmB 

yaaT 

to learn,to study; 
to teaoh 

hto (conj.) 

that 


93 


R-6,L.4,Vocab 

































. V. . *«.? • f 


94 


R-6 






naTHii ypoK. 


FIFTH LESSON 


1) Text "A” 

PART I. 

- STRUCTURAL FEATURES. 


Par.l - 2. 


A. *lTO BH BM.miT0? 

A* What do you see? 

”* /What you see?/ 

B. £ Bii&y hom . 

B. I see a house. 

~ /i see house./ 

A. ^ITO BH BM.HWT0 TaM? 

A. What do you see there? 
/What you see there?/ 

B. Taw h BMsy OjiMH^as. 

B# I see a dugout there. 
/There I see blindage./ 

A. *lTO 3T0? 

A* What's this? 

/What this?/ 

B. 3to KHMra. 

B. That's a book. 

/This __ book./ 

A. ^Ito bh ^iMTaeTe? 

A. What are you reading? 

/What you read?/ 

B. H qMTaio KHiiry. 

B. I'm reading a book. 

/i read book./ 

A • TaM Kapra. Bh 

A. There's a map over there. 
Do you see it? 

BRUMT0 KapTy? 

/There _ map. You 
see map?/ 

£. to, a Bwa:y KapTy. 

B. Yes, I see it. 

/Yes, I see map./ 


95 


R-S,L.5,P.I 







A. I\ae BH BM.HMT9 KapTy? 

B. H BM*y K^pTy 
Ha cT0He• 

A. Due yxiWT0^BHH4a? 

£. ytiMTejn»HHu;a b imacce. 
A. 3h 3HaeTe yuwTejib- 
nmiy? 

Jla, h 3Haio ytiMTQJib- 
Hmjy • 

A. Kto TaM? 

B. TaM KariHTaH• 

A. Bh 3HaeT0 

KanwTaHa? 

JIa, h 3Haro 

KariHTaHa • 


A. Where do you see the map? 
/Where you see map?/ 

B. I see it on the wall. 
/I see map 
on wall./ 


A. Where is the lady teacher? 
~ /'Where teacheress?/ 

B. She T s in class. 

/Teacheress in class./ 

A. Do you know the lady 
teacher? 

/You know 
teacheress?/ 


B. Yes, I know her. 

/Yes, I know teacheress./ 


A. Who f s over there? 

/Who __ there?/ 

B. The captain's over there. 
/There __ captain./ 

A. Do you know 
the captain? 

/You know captain?/ 


B. Yes, I know 
the captain. 
/Yes, I know 
captain./ 


96 


R-6,L.5,P.I 


A. A KTO 3T0? 

£. 3to ytiiiTQJiB. 

£. Bh 3HaeT0 yWrejiH? 

£. ,5a, « 3Haro y^WTejifl. 

Par.6. 

A. Kto TaM? 

£• TaM cojunaT. 

KOrO BH BMJ5MT9? 

E. a BM*y cojuaTa. 

^TO TaM? 

£. TaM caMOJiaT. 

*lTO BH BWAMT9? 

£. £ BMay caMOJiaT • 

4 . *IT0 3TO? 

£. 3to iihcbmo. 


A* * Now, who T s that? 

/And who _ this?/ 

B. That's a teacher* 
/This _ teacher./ 

A. Do you know him? 

/You know teacher?/ 

B. Yes, I know him* 

/Yes, I know teacher./ 


A* Who's there? 

/Who _ there?/ 

B. It's a soldier. 
/There __ soldier./ 

A. Whom do you see? 

/Whom you see?/ 

B. I see a soldier. 

/i see soldier./ 

A. What's over there? 
/What _ there?/ 

B. It*s an airplane. 
/There __ airplane./ 

A. What do you see? 

/What you see?/ 

B. I see an airplane, 
/i see airplane./ 


A. What's that? 

/What _ this?/ 

B. It »s a letter. 
/This _ letter./ 


97 


H-6,L.5,P.I 





A. ^to bh ^MTaeTe? 

A. What are you reading? 
/What you read?/ 

B. H TtiMTaio nzcfcW. 

B. I f m reading the letter 
/i read letter./ 


Par,3-4,7 . 


A* Hue npMKa3, pafljio- 

A* Where»re the order, radio¬ 

rpauMa u ^OHeoeHMe? 

gram, and report? 

/Where _ order, radio¬ 
gram and report?/ 

&• Boe npnKa3H, pajuno- 

B. All orders, radio¬ 
grams and reports 

rpaMMH m flOHeceHMH 

are lying over there 
on the table. 

JieaaT Ha oTOjie. 

/All orders, radio¬ 
grams and reports 
lie on table./ 

A. Bh ximtsuih npH«a3H, 

A. Have you been reading 
the orders, radiograms 

pawnorpa mmh h 

and reports? 

/You read orders, radio¬ 
grams and reports?/ 

JXOHQC0HMH? 


£. Ha, h bc© xiMTaji. 

B. Yes, i»ve been read¬ 
ing everything. 

/Yes, I everything 
read./ 


98 


R-6,L.5,P.I 



2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS 


Par.l . Feminine nouns (animate or inanimate) ending 
in f, -a n and ”-h” have w -y w and ” —k> , f in the accusative 
singular. 


Norn. 

Acc. 


KOMHaT 

K^MHaT 


a paancTK 

a 

apTHJiJiepa 

a 

pahHl 

y paaHCTK 

,y 

apTKJiJiepH 

10 

paquj 


H Biineji pa^iicTKy. I saw the girl radio-operator. 


Some nouns look like feminine nouns (i.e. they have 
the nominative case ending in "-a" or and accusative 

in ’’-y ,f or ’’-id") , but they refer to male beings and other 
words agreeing with them have masculine forms. 


I\ne cTapnwHa? 
rae oh? 


Where’s the master sergeant? 
Where is he? 


Hue BaHH? 
Fae OH? 


Where is Johnny? 
Where is he? 


Norn. 

Acc. 


cTapimiH 


a 


BaH 


a 


oTapmMH 


y 


BaH 


10 


BaHfl cTapmwHy. Johnny saw the master sergeant. 


Feminine nouns ending in a soft sign have in the 
accusative singular the same ending as in the nominative 

case. 

rae iuomanB(Nom.)? Where is the square? 

JeTxiMK Bineji ruomaaBUcc.) . The flyer saw a square. 


99 


R-6 J L.5,P.l 









Par.2 . The accusative singular endings of masculine 
animate nouns are ”-a ,f and M -H n . 

Nom. cTyaeHTj ytiiiTeji b 

Acc. CTy^eHTja ytiMTeji fl 

Bh bxwtq yuMTejia? Do you see the teacher? 

Par*3 . Nominative plural of neuter nouns. 


Hard ending; 

Soft 

ending; 

Nom. Sing. okh 

/ 

0 

noji e 

A0H9C6HH 

Nom.Plural okh 

a 

noji a. 

JKOH0C0HH 

TT / 

/ 




Ha, cTOne jrexajui The reports were lying 

joHeceHHfl. on the table. 


Par_j4. The accusative plural endings of inanimate 
masculine, feminine and neuter nouns are the same as those 
of the nominative plural. 

Mh iaM npMKa3H, we saw orders, maps and 

KapTH h jOHecdHMH. reports there. 

Par.5 . Spelling rule . 

After r, k, x, h, hj, JB tiie letter n a ,r is never 
written; in cases where you might expect n H M , "h" is 


written. , 

/ 

✓ 

, CTOX “ ^OTOma 

but KHHra - 

KHHTM 

KOMHaTa - KOMHaTg 

pa^MCTKa - 

pa^MCTKH 


Myxa - 

uyxx 


Tyna - 

Tyr^M 


imam - 

iuiauQi 


aKimaa - 

SKHIiazH 


KapaH^am - 

KapaEwamS 


100 


P-6,L.5,P.I. 














Notice that in forms with stems in M x", "m" you will 
hear V, but by a convention of Russian spelling, is 
written. 

Fugitive ,f o tf and u e Tt . 

Some nouns which end in a consonant preceded by 
m £ m or drop the w o M or fl £ n in the nominative and 
accusative plural. 

Singular : Plural* 



nopanoK (order, routine) nopaaic m 



Par.6 . The accusative case forms of interrogative pro¬ 
nouns "kto" (who) and "xito” (what) are? 


Koro? 


(pronounced "kavo") 

(same as the nominative form). 


TITO? 


Koro bh BiwejiJi TaM? whom did you see there? 


H BKyeji Tan 
oTyjeHTKy. 

^TO BH BWQJIA TaM? 


What did you see there? 


L saw the girl 
student there. 


H bkaqji TaM TaHK. 


I saw the tank there. 


101 


R—6,L.5,P *1 









par .7 * U 3CE u means u every thing ,f ; it is often 

written v/ithout the dots but do not confuse it with 
n BCE !t (everyone) • 


Oh xxoHHMaji Bee, 
Kor.ua a roBopiu. 


3to boo? 


H nwoaji bco, mto 


Everybody knew 
everything. 


But : 

Bee 3H2UIH BCO. 


He understood everything 
when I spoke. 


Is this all’ 


I wrote everything 
what I heard. 


Par. 8 . Nouns with nominative singular ending in 
n —nn” (feminine) and "-He" (neuter) have the preposi¬ 
tional (locative) ending "-mm”. 


Nom. panHocTaHij - 4 si 

E° c » pa^MOcTann; mm 

/ / 

3to 6iuio b ;tOHeceiiMH. 


apu mh 
a pm hm 


Aoaeoeu -19 

JIOHGCQH MM 


This was in the report* 






102 


H^GjL.SjP.I 




Feminine nouns ending with a soft sign in the Nomina¬ 
tive singular have the ending "-m” in the prepositional 
(locative) singular. 

Norn. ruioma* b 

Loc. ruiomaa h 


TaHKK cTOflT Ha The tanks are on the 

imomaaii. square. 


103 


R-6,L.5,P.I 






PAR T II 


A. /Where _ airdrome?/ 

B./You see airplanes, 
hangars and stores - 
airdrome _ there./ 

A. /And where _ tower?/ 

B. /There./ 

A. /Now I see tower. 

Who works on tower?/ 

B. /Radio-operatress Olga. 
You know radio- 
operatress Olga?/ 

A. /Yes, _ know. What she A 
this-time there does?/ 

B. /She receives 
reports./ 


Where ! s the airfield? 

B. See those airplanes, 

hangars and warehouses - 
the airfield is over there 
A. Eut where is the tower? 

B. Over there. 

A. I see it now. 

Who works in the tower? 

B. Olga does. You know 
Olga, the radio¬ 
operator? 

Yes, I know her. ’What is 
she doing there now? 

B. She f s receiving 
reports. 


Text 11 B 11 ♦ 

A 


104 


R-6,L.5,P.H 




3 A C T L II 


TeKOT "£" . 



CUBry? 

A. ,3a, 3HSLX)• ^to OHa 


JX A ... Hto 


ceiitiac Tan aejiaeT? 
£. OHa npHHiiuaeT 
4OH0C0HHH. 



105 


R-6,L.5,P.II 


f/n 












A 


Af /You know what to¬ 

A* Do you know what»s 

day in report?/ 

in the report today? 

B. /Yes, __ know./ 

B. Yes, I do. 

A» /Where stands artillery?/ 

A. Where is the artillery 
stationed? 

Bt /Artillery stands 

B. The artillery is 

in field./ 

stationed in a field. 

A f /And you saw artillery 

A. Did you see any artillery 

in forest?/ 

in the woods? 

B./No, there stands 

B. No, only the infantry 

only infantry./ 

is located there. 

A# /When you saw 

When did you see 

infantry?/ 

the infantry? 

B./l saw infantry 

B. I saw the infantry 

yesterday in-evening./ 

last night. 

A. /You serve in 

A. Are you serving in 

artillery?/ 

the artillery? 

B. /No, I serve in 

B. No, I»m in the infantry 

infantry. And you?/ 

how about you? 


106 


R-6,L.5,P.II 



A* Bh 3HaeTQ tjto oero- 
AHfl B JOH0C0HJ1M? 

,Ha, 3Haio. 

A. Ha© otomt apTOJuiepoa? 
£_• ApnuiJiepiiH cto^t 
b nan©. 

A* A BH BMA0JIH apTMJI- 
j©PMbo b Jieoy? 

H©t, Tan ctomt 
t^jibko nexoTa. 

A. Kor.ua bh BHZQJiit 
nexoTy? 

£. H BiineJi nexoTy 

/ / 

B^epa BetiepoM, 

4. Bh oJiysMT© b 

apTJUJiepiiJi? 

£. H©t, h cjiysy b 

naxoT©. A bh? 



107 


R-6jL*5,P.II 








I'm serving in the Air Force. 


A./I serve in Air-Force./ A 

B. /You _ pilot?/ 

A. /Yes, I _ pilot*/ A. 

E. /You yesterday flew?/ 

A. /No, one motor on 

airplane not worked./ 

E* /And how today?/ 

A, /Today already every¬ 
thing in order. Where 
this-time Lieutenant 
Ivanov?/ 

B. /He sits in staff./ 

A. /'When you saw 

Lieutenant Ivanov?/ 

B. /Yesterday in-night./ 

A. /And general _ there?/ 

B. /Yes, I saw general 
also there./ 


B. Are you a pilot? 

Yes, I’m a pilot. 

B. Did you fly yesterday? 
A* No,one of the airplane 
engines wasn't working. 

B. How is it today? 

A. Everything's all right 
today. Where is 
Lieutenant Ivanov 

now? 

B. He's at headquarters. 
A. When did you see 
him? 

B. Late last night. 

A. How about the general - 
is he there? 

B. Yes, I saw him there, 
too. 


108 


R~6 ,L .5,P.H 


A. fl cjiyaty b aBnai^wM. 

£>• Bh nmiOT? 

A. la, h muiOT, 

Bh B^iepa jieTa/m? 
A. HeT, o^mh motop Ha 
caMOJieTe H© pa6<^Tau. 

B. A nan c0ro.5HH? 

A. Cero^HH ys© Bee 
b nop^nK©. ra© 

c@itaac JieiiT 0 HaHT 

MsaHOB? 

£. Oh chumt b niTa6© • 
A. Korja bh BHjeJiJ* 

jieiiT0HaHTa MBaHOBa? 

B. B^iepa hohho • 

A. A roHepaji Tan? 




£. la, h BH.S 0 JI r©H0pa^a 

T6se Tan. 


109 


R—6 ,1* « 5 , P*11 












A. /Where _ staff?/ 

A. Where is headquarters? 

B. /Staff _ In city- 

B. Headquarters is In town. 

on square./ 

on the square. 

A< /Where stands regiment?/ 

A. Where is the regiment 
stationed? 

B. /Regiment this-time 

B. Right now the regiment 
is stationed in the 

stands in forest./ 

woods. 

A« /And where _ barracks?/ 

A. And where are the barracks? 

B. /Barracks _ in city./ 

B. The barracks are in 

town. 

A*/Elder Petrov __ 

A. Is (Master) Sergeant 

in barracks?/ 

Petrov in the barracks? 

Brf /Not know. 

A. I don*t know. 

In-day-time I saw 

I saw him this afternoon 

Elder Petrov 

at the station. 

on station./ 



110 


R-6,L.5,P.II 


A. rue nrra 6 ? 

niTa6 b ropo^e 
Ha ruoma^M. 




HQ 



A* I\5© ctoht nojiK? 
£• Hojik ceitaac 
CTOHT B Jiecy. 




A. CTapniHHa IleTpoB 
b Ka 3apue y 

H© 3 Hajo, 

Ahg'm h BiUeA 
cTapuuiHy n©Tp6Ba 
Ha OTaHI^HH • 



111 


R-6,L.5,P.II 
























A. /What he there 
did?/ 

B. /He received 
armament and 
cartridges./ 

A. /Where _ radio-knot?/ 
B. /Radio-knot __ also 
in city./ 

A./You were on 
radio-knot?/ 

B* /No, I was 
in staff./ 

A» /Yes, I know. 

You this already 
spoke*/ 


A* What was he 
doing there? 

B. He was picking up 

weapons and ammunition. 

A* Where's the radio center? 
B. The radio center's also 
in town. 

A. Have you been at 
the radio center? 

B. No, I was 

at headquarters. 

A. Oh, yes, that's right. 

I remember your telling 
me that. 


112 


R-6,L.5,P.II 


A* ^TO OH Tail 


floaaj? 

Oh nojiyxiaji 
opyxne h naTpoHH. 


£. r\a© pa^noy3eJi? 

Pa,nnoy30ji Tox© 
b ropoa©. 


A* Bn 6nsh Ha 
pa^Hoyaji©? 
H©t, h 6nh 
b mTa 60 . 



JL. ,1a, h 3Haio. 
Bn 3TO yxe 
roBopitan. 



113 


R-6,L.5,P.II 










PART III. 


READER . 

New words : 

apMHH - army 

THraq - tow-truck, prime-mover 

1% Bee pa^worpaMMH JieisaT Ha 1 : 0,4 Moyane. 

S. CeroflHfl BeqepOM h bii4©ji apTiuuiepHio h nexOTy Ha 

ruioinajui b ropo.no. 

3. Bqepa y&e 4 H©!i Ha cTamjiiH 6 lw nopn^OK h mh bc© 
nojiyqajiH opyjarie. 

4. Ha TaHKO^powe mh BM4e4H TaHKM, THraq m aBTOMamiiny. 

5. H noHHMaio bc© c-aoBa, Kor,na bh roBopwT© no-pyccKW 
Me,iueHHo. 

6. r©H©pajr Bqepa 4 h©m 6wi B^Ka3apM©, a cero^Hfl oh 
npHHHMaeT 40 h©c©hjih b inTado. 

7. Maftop BH3ii3aeT muiOTa • 

8. H 3Haji cTapuiMHy, oh 4ojiro GJiyxivui b apuHii. 

9. nojiK nojiyqaji opyitcwe Ha cmia^e Ha cTaHi^HM. 

10. KypcaHTH ^ejiaioT ypoKM Bcer.na BeqepoM. 

11. IImjioth cjiyaiaT b aBHaijiiJi, a TaHKHcTH b apMHii. 

12. Ha cawojieTe Bee b nopa^K© h motoph padoTaioT 
xopoin<5. 

13. PaaiicTKa ceiiqa'c BH3HBaeT pa4noy3©ji, ho oh MOjiqiiT. 

14. IlHor.ua mh riojiyqaeM .noHeceniiH tojibko HoqBio. 

15. CepiiHT rOBOpHT, qTO OH BlfaeJI JieiiTQH^HTa MIH0M 
b ojiHH.na^e. 

16. BeqepoM Ha pan;ji]<i padoTaji tojibko o.hiih pa^cwcT. 


114 


R-6.L.5,P.iii. 





part iv. 


HOMEWORK. 

A. Do you serve in the Air Force? 

B. No, we serve in the Army. 

A. Are you a radio-operator? 

B. Yes, I work at the radio station. 

A. How do you hear the calls? 

B. At night we hear the calls well, but during 
the day time we do not hear well. 

A. Who is calling now? 

B. The master sergeant. I hear the master sergeant 
well. 

A. What is he saying? 

B. He says that the infantry is receiving arms and 
cartridges at the warehouse. 

A. Did he see the general and the captain? 

B. Yes. He saw the general and the captain at the 
station. 

A. What f s over there, a map? 

B. Yes. What do you see on the map? 

A. On the map I see a city. 

B. What do you see in the city? 

A. In the city I see a square. 

B. And I see a radio station, a tower and 
hangars on an airfield. 


I 


115 


JLr&*L.5,P.IV 




CJOBAPL 


VOCABULARY 


aBMar^Mfl (PX Sing, only) 

aB H&IXAH 

Air Force 

slbt OManiMHa (P) 
aBTOwanuiHn 

aBT OMamzHH 

aBTOuamMH 

truck, motor vehicle 

apuMfl (F) 
apuKH 
apunM 
apimft 

army 


apTMJiJiepza (P) (Sing.only) artillery 

apTMJIJlSpHZ 


BeqepoM (Adv.) 

in the evening 

Bee (Pron.) 

everything 

BHHIKa (P) 

bhuikii 

BHUIKM 

BHfflQK 

tower (air control) 

renepajj (m) 
renepajia 
reHepajiH 
reHepajiOB 

general 

AEeu (Adv.) 

in the afternoon, 
in the day time, 
during the day 

^OHeceHM© (N) 

.HOHeceHna 

iOHeceHHa 

flOHeC^HHft 

report 


116 


R-6,L.5, Vocab 




barracks 


Ka3apwa (p) 

Ka 3apiiH 

Ka3apMH 

Ka3apu 

barracks 

MOTOJ) (M) 

MOTOpa 

MOTOpH 

MOTOpOB 

motor, engine 

hoxibio (Adv.) 

(/late/ at night. 

opyxMe (N)(Sing.only) 

opyxMfl 

(during the night, 

(in the night time 
weapons, arms 

nexora (P)( Sing, only) 
nexoTH 

infantry 

muior (M) 

muioTa 

ITJUIOTH 

IIItflOTOB 

pilot 

ruioi^axB (P) 
ruiomaxM 
njidmaxH 
iuiomaxeii 

square 

nojiK ✓ Cm) 

nojnca 

nojiia^ 

nOJIKOB 

regiment 

nojiy^aTB (v.Imp.) 
nojiyuaio 
nojiyxiaeniB 
nojiyxiaioT 

to get, to receive 

nopa^OK (M) 
nopanna 

order 


Bee b nopH^Ke (Adv.expr.)everything is in order 

everything’s O.K. 


117 


R-6 ,L.5,Vocab 


npMHHMaTb (V.Imp,) 

npMHMMaio 
npzHUuaenib 
npMHMMaiOT 

to receive,to accept,to get 

pa*Hoy3eji , (M) 

pa.5Z0y3Jia 

paniioy3jiti 

pajuoysjiOB 

radio center 

asysKTB (V•Imp•) 
cJijray 

CJI^MniB 

cJiyxaT 

to serve", to be employed 

CTaHI^MH (F) 

CTaHUIMIl 

CTaHl^KM 

cTaHmiii 

station 

CTapnwna / (M) 
cTapnuiHH 

CTapinMHH 

cTapmitH 

Master Sergeant, 

First Sergeant 

t Braxi x (m) 

TBraxia 

Taraxuj 

Tflraxieii 

tow truck, prime mover 

yxe (Adv.) 

already 


118 


R-6 |l;«5, Voaab 


mECTOM yPOK 


SIXTH LESSON 


PART I. 


!) Text M A tf - STRUCTURAL FEATURES. 


Par.9. 


4. 3 to Bama KHara? 

£. A a, won. 

4. A r*e mob KHara? 

£. Bama Tau 

Ha CTOJie. 

4. ^ea 3 T 0 caOBapB 
Ha cTOjie? 

£. 3to mom caoBapB. 

4. *lBe 3 to nepo? 

£. 3 to Moe nepo. 

4. *Ibh sto KapaH^amH? 

£. 3to mom KapaH^ama. 


A. Is this your book? 
/This __ your book?/ 

B. Yes,' it*s mine. 

/Yes __ my./ 

A. But where 1 s my book? 
/And where _ my book./ 

B. Yours is over there 
on the table. 

/Your _ there 
on table*/ 


A. Whose dictionary is that 
on the table? 

/Whose this dictionary 
on tabTe./ 


B. That's my dictionary. 
/This _ my dictionary./ 

A. Whose pen is that? 

/Whose this _ pen?/ 

B. That's my pen. 

/This _ my pen./ 

A. Whose pencils are these? 
"" /whose this _ pencils?/ 

B. Those are my pencils. 
/This __ my pencils./ 


119 


R-6,L.6,P.I 







A. Ham KOiiaHnap yxe 
3Aeci»? 

£. Jla, h bkaqji Banrero 
KOMaHjKpa Ha cTamjHii. 
A. A Hama pajiicTKa 
tos© Tail? 

£>• H©t. Bamy pajHCTKy 

/ / 
a BJmeji Ha bhek©. 

A . 0 kom bh nwosun 

4OH©O9HH0? 


A. I3 our commanding officer 
here yet? 

/Our commander _ already 
here?/ 


B* Yes, I saw your C.O* 
at the station. 

/Yes, I saw your 
commander on station./ 


B. No, I saw her in the 
tower. 

/No. Your radlo- 
operatress I saw 
on tower./ 

A* Who were you writing the 
report about? 

/About whom you wrote 
report?/ 


A. How about our radio operator, 
is she also there? 

/And our radio-operatress 
also _ there?/ 


£• H micaji AOHeceHH© 


o Bameii KoiiaHaupe 
h o Bameii pajMcTK© • 
Par.10-11 . 

A. r*e BHmKa? 

£• Tau. Bh Ty*a 
JtneTe? 


B. I was writing a report 
about your C.O. and 
your girl radio¬ 
operator. 

/i wrote report about 
your commander and 
about your radio- 
operatress./ 


A* Where f s the tower? 
/Where __ tower?/ 

B. Over there. Are you 
going that way? 
/There. You thither 
go 1 / 


120 


R-6,L.6,P.I 



A. Ja, h ceitaac HAy 
Ha BHlHKy. 


A. Yea, I'm going to the 
tower right now. 

/Yea, I this-time go on(to) 
tower./ 


Bh 3Ha©Te nyAa 
haqt KouaHAHp? 


B. Do you know where 
the C.O. is going? 
/You know whither 
goea commander?/ 


4. Kona ha Hp hast Ha 


aepoApoM b mTa6. 


A. He*a going to the H.Q. 
at the airport. 
/Commander goea on(to) 
airdrome in(to) staff./ 


B. A MH HA©M Ha 


OKAaA• 


B. Well, we're going to 
the warehouse. 

/And we go on(to) 
storage./ 


2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS . 


Par.9 . 

The words "mom" (my), " tboK " (thy), " Ham " (our), 
"Bam"(your), " qeft " (whose) change their forms in order 
to agree with the gender, number and case of the nouns 
they modify. 


121 


R-6,fl*6,P.I 




Singular 


Nominative 


Masc. 

mo ft 

TBO ft 

Ham 

Bam 

Heft 

Pem. 

MO H 

TBO H 

Ham a 

Bam a 

HB fl 

Neut • 

iio e 

TBO e 

Ham e 

< 

Bam e 

hb e 


Accusative 


Masc. 

anim. 

Masc. 

inanira.& Neuter. 

Pem. 
anim.uc 
inanim. 


mo ero 
same 

MO K) 


tbo ero 
a s 

TBO 10 


Ham ero earn ero hb ero 
nominative 


Ham y 


Bam y hb io 


Prepositional 



Masc. 

- 


& neut. 

mo m 

tbo m 

Pem • 

mo eft 

TBO 3ft 


Ham 3M 
Ham 3ii 


Bam eM hb eM 
Bam 3ft xib eft 


Plural 

Nomi nati ve and Accusa tive 

when ‘they reI r er r To~Tnanimate nouns. 


Masc* ) , 

Pem* ) mo m tbo h Ham h 

Neut• ) 


Bam h 


HB II 


/ f j 

3to mom ytuiTG.JiB• (Norn.) 

Oh Moei i yuMTemfl. 

, ~ (Acc.) 

TaM mom ;iom. (Nom.) 

Oh BHUeji uoii ,n om. (Acc.) 


This is my teacher. 
He saw my teacher. 

i 

My house is there. 
He saw my house. 


1S2 


Jh=S-,I. . 6, P. I 













This is my radio, 
saw my radio. 

This is my book. 

He read my book. 

Par.10 . The verb " hath " (sometimes spelled 
>t HTT^ >> ) means ”to go”. Usually it refers just to 
going on foot. But it is also used in reference to 
the movement of most vehicles: trains, buses, boats, 
tanks. The conjugation of is regular. 

Here is the present tense: 


H 

my 

TH 

MneniB 

oh, orxa, oho 

iwot 

MU 

men 

BH 

meTQ 

/ 

s 

OHM 

myT 


TaHKH jiflyr. The tanks are moving. 


3to pafliio. (Horn.) 

Oh BKneji Moe paano. (Acc.) 

* t / 

cto moh KHnra. (Horn.) 

Oh mhtjCji moio Kimry. (Acc.) 


f P .1 • 


123 




Par,11 ♦ Prepositions "b” (in, into,to) and tf Ha» (on,to) 
are used with the locative case to express location of a per¬ 
son or thing, and with the accusative case to express motion 
towards a place. 



surface, open place 


enclosed place 


r\ae? 

(where?) 

is 

used with 

the locative 

Ky.zia? 

(where to?) 

is 

used with 

the accusative 

Cio.ua 

(to this place) 

adverb 

of 

direction 

Tyaa 

(to that place) 

adverb 

of 

direction 


I\ae cTyaeHTH? Where are the students? 

CTyaeHTH b KOMHaTe. The students are in the room* 


Ky^a iuyT cTyjeHTH? 

CTy^eHTH JMyT b 
KOMHaTy. 

J[©TtuiK Ha aaponpoMe, 


Where are the students going? 

The students ars going into 
the rooin. 

The flyer is ht the airdrome* 


JeTUMK IW0T Ha The flyer is going to 

aspoapoM. the airdrome. 


124 


R-6,L,6,P.I 




Are you going there? 
\Aio» 3 that coming here? 


Bh ua OT0 Ty^.a ? 

Kto 3to meT cio.ua? 

Tho noun3 KomiaTa, KJiacc , aqu , anrap etc. are 
used with the preposition "b"; aapojpoM . jopdra .' nowoa, 
no£ are used with the preposition » H a". 

There are a few nouns denoting location and direc¬ 
tion with which you would expect the preposition "b", but 
,f Ha» is used instead. Among them are? 

CTaHmia station 

CK;ia ^ warehouse 

pa.nnocTaHijHH radio station 

(pau;Mfl) 

Ona „St Ha pa^HO- she is golng to th0 radio 

c*raHiji/Uo . ^ station. 


125 


L.6, P„I 








PAR T II 


Text "B". 

A. /Helloj/ 

B. /Good day. You 
know where here 
_ post(office)?/ 

A< /Yes, she __ there on square 

You thither go? 

B, /Yes, I go on(to) 
post(office)./ 

A. /And I already was 
on post(office)./ 

B_. /Our commander 

also was there?/ 

A,. /Yes, I saw your 
commander./ 

B.. /He received our 
letters?/ 

A. /Yes, received./ 


A. HelloJ 

B.How are you? Do you 
know where the post 
office is around here? 

A. Yes, it's over there by 

the square. Are you go¬ 
ing that way? 

B. Yes, I'm going to 
the post office. 

A. Well, I've been there 
already. 

B. Was our C.O. 

there also? 

A. Yes, I saw your 

C. O. there. 

B. Was he getting our 
mail? 

A. Yes, he was. 


126 


R*dL*X .6 ,P.II 




H-A C T L II . 

TeKQT "B". 

A. 3,5paBCTByiiT©! 

B. Io6phm *©hb. Bh 

3HaeT9 TA© 3.59CB 

notrra? 

A. .Ha, OHa Taw Ha iuioma^H 

Bh Ty*a JtneT©? 

/ / 

B. ila, h ]&&y Ha notiTy. 

A. A a yxe 6 lu Ha 

noxiT©. 

B. Ham KOuaHaap 
tos© 6lm Tan? 

A. JL a, a bmj©J! Bamero 
KOManaapa. 


Oh no^yqaji Hanoi 


nacBwa? 

A. .Ha, nomyaaji 



127 


R-6,L.6,P.II 






















At /Whither you go?/ 

B,/r go on(to) radio¬ 
station./ 

A. /’Who this-time works 
on reception?/ 

B./Our radio-operatreas./ 

A. /You were yesterday on 
radio-station?/ 

B. /Yes, was./ 

A. /How worked communication?/^ 
Bt/Badly. Signals and 
Morse-code often 
jammed our transmission./ 
A./Whose Morse-code */ 

B./Not know. There in 
forest stands one 
ra...tion on truck./ 

A. /£his __ our./ 


A. Where are you going? 

B. I ! m going to the radio¬ 
station. 

A. Who's on receiving 
now? 

B. Our girl radio¬ 
operator. 

At Were you at the radio¬ 
station yesterday? 

B. Yes, I was. 

How was communication? 

B. Not good. Signals and 
Morse-code often inter¬ 
fered with our trans¬ 
mission. 

A. Whose Morse-code? 

B. I don't know. There 

is a radio-set set up 

on a truck over there 
in the woods. 

A. That f s ours. 


128 


R-6 ,L. 6,P.H 


A. Kyaa bh JU0T@? 

£• fl MAy Ha pajHOcTaHqMio. 
jU Kto cenxiac pa6oTa©T 
Ha npn0Me Y 
£. Hama paaitoTKa. 

A. Bh 6hkh BW 0 pa Ha 
paaHocTamjKJi? 

£. JIa, 6tw. 

A. Kan pa6oTajia CBfl3B? 

B. ILaoxo. CHTHajiH h 

uopsflHKa qacTO aa- 
6HBajiH Hamy n 0 p@,aatiy 
A. Hbh HOp3HHKa? 

B. H© 3Haio. Tau b 

/ / ' 

Jl©cy CTOHT 0.5Ha 

pan;jiH Ha rpy3OBHK0. 

A. 3to Hama. 



Mbfl •— ••• “••• ? * 



HAUJA ! 


129 


R-6J*.6,P.II 













B t /In your battalion only B. Do you have only one 


_ one ra...tion?/ 

A* /Yes, and she works 
day and night. And 
ra...tion in your 
blindage not works?/ 
B./No, in my company 
ra...tion not works./ 

A. /Whose squadron this- 
time _ in air?/ 

B./Not know. My link 
this-time _ on ground. 
Now we seldom 

fly./ 

A. /This-time in staff pilots 
spoke about your 
link./ 


station in your 
battalion? 

A. Yes, and it works 

day and night. But 

how about the set in 

your dug-out, doesn f t 
it operate? 

B. No, the station in 

my company doesn f t 
operate. 

A. Whose squadron is in 
the air right now? 

B. I don f t know. Ky 
flight is on the 
ground. We seldom 
fly nowadays. 

A. The pilots have just 

been speaking about 
your flight at 
headquarters• 


130 


R-6,L.6,P.h 


2/ B Bamew 6aTajiB0H© 
TOJIBKC 0,5 Ha paiJHH? 
A. la, m OHa pa6oTa©T 
J 0 HB M HO^IB. A pa- 
ijkh b Bameu 6jiMH^aae 
He pa6ora©T? 

£. H©t, b moqh pot© 
paijHfl h© pa 60Ta©T. 





A. acKajpmiBH cewqac 


b B03^yxe? 


B. H© 3Haio. Mo© 3B©HO 


ceifaac Ha 3©MJi© >r . 


TenepB mh peano 


ji©Ta©M, 


A. Cefrnac b nrra6© ihuioth 


roBopjmH o Baineu 


3B©He, 



131 


R*6,L.6,P.II 






A* /Whose pilots, my?/ 

A. Whose pilots, mine? 

B* /No our, they 

B. No, ours, they’re 

in my squadron./ 

in my squadron. 

A. /Where stands your avio- 

A. Where f s your Wing 

regiment?/ 

stationed? 


B.. /Our avio-regiment stands B. Our Wing is stationed 


in city N.../ 

at X. city. 

A. /in your avio-regiment 

A. Do you have only 

only _ destroyers?/ 

fighters in your Wing? 

B* /Yes, only 

B. Yes, just fighters. 


destroyers./ 


A. /Who this hither goes?/ 

A. Who’s that coming here? 

B. /This __ our elder. 

B. That’s our First- 

I think he goes in(to) 

Sergeant. I believe 

he’s going to the 

blindage./ 

dug-out. 


/So, well. Good-bye./ A. Well, that»s fine. 

See you later. 


152 


R-6.L.6,P.h 


A* Hbh ruuioTu, mom? 


A 


B. H©t hslium, ohm 

b M09M acKaapMJiBe. 

• I\zie otomt Bam aBMa- 



nattK? 

£. Ham aBHancuiK ctomt 
/ 

b ropoje H. 

A* B Barney aBManomny 

/ z 

TOJIBKO MCTpe6MT0JM? 

£. 5a, TOJIBKO MOTpe6M- 
T6JIM • 

A. KTO 3T0 ClO^a M^0T? 

/ 

3to Ham cTapmMHa, 

H Ayiiaio oh HAeT b 
6mMHHaz• 

A. Hy, xupomo\ 

^0 CBM^aHMfl. 





PART III 


REAPER . 

CMTvanMfl (situation) : neperoBopH no paxMO (radio conversa¬ 
tion) uexxy (between) paxiicTOM Ha 3 ©mji© h minoTOM Ha 
HCTpedHTejie b Boaxy xe. 


Boaxyx: TenepB cbh3b padoTaeT xopomo, h mh oJinunm bc© 
Banin cHrHajiH. 


3©uxh: Xopoino. yTpoM Mop3HHKa 3a6nBajia Hamy nepexaqy, 

Korxa mow paxzcT bh3hb£ji Bamero KOMaHxzpa. C©z- 
nac Ham daTaxBOH b xeoy. Bdmn hctp©6ht©xji b 
B63xyxe? 

B.: Aa, bc©. Hama scKaxpibiBH zx©T Tyxa, rx© ctoht 

Bam nojiK. 

3.: ,Ea, H 3Haro; Bam KOMaHxiip 6wi 3X©cb Be^epoii h 

roBopzx ^to. 

B.: Ha jkCijhh Houep oxhh padoTaroT Hama MexaHHKH h 

paxwcTH? 

3.: H©t, ho h 3Haro, xito ohm t enepB padoraroT Ha TaHKO- 

XI><5m©. B xeoy ctomt oxHa Hama pdTa. Bh x©Ta©T© 
ho'xjbto? 

B.: TenepB mh peXKO xeTaew hoxibk), ho qa'cTO x©Ta©M 

XH©M. 

3.: Bh 3Ha©T©,^ tito Hanm THratiw m Baum rpy30BMKH 

pa6(5Tsun yTpoM Ha TaHKOxpdM©? 

B.: ila, h 3to cjiHmaji. ^Ham KanwTaH 6 hx b niTade m 

rOBopibi, tiTO bc© Bamw TaHKM KxyT croxa. 

3.: Ceifaac b 6mMHxaa© / pado^aeT Ha pan;HH moh paxncTKa. 

B.: Tose 3Haro. H xjacTo bhx©x Bamy paxzcTKy z H^mero 

x©MT9H^HTa BenepoM b ropox©. 


134 


R-6 J L.6,P.IH 





? art iv 


homey/ork. 

Translate into Russian: 

(Translate the weaning, not the words i) 

jW Whose Morse-code is jamming your transmission? 

B. My first sergeant said that there is a radio 
set in the tower on the airfield. it»s jamming 
our transmission. 

A,• Are you going to the radio center this morning? 

B. No, I am going there this afternoon. 

A. Well, I was at the radio center yesterday. 

B. \7ho f s that coming here? 

A. That f s our captain, he is going to the head¬ 
quarters * 

E. Right now our C.O. is in the air. 

A« Does your squadron often fly? 

B. No, nowadays my squadron seldom flies, but 
the squadron on airfield numb^A? 1 flies 
often. 


135 


R-S, L.6, P.IV. 




CJOBAPL . 


VOCABULARY 


aBHanojiK(M) 

asManojiKSi 
aBHanojiKM 
aBi'ianoji kob 

wing 

6aTajiBOH (M)‘ 

6aTajiBOHa 

6aTSUBOHH 

6aTa^B6noB 

battalion 

j[M) 

6jiMH^aaa / 

bjiiiH^aaM 

dugout,blindage, 
overhead cover 

Earn (MascO (Pron.) 
B^rna (Peru, ) 

Bauie (Neut.) 
b&iuh (Plural) 

your, yours 

rpy30BHK jCM) 
rpy30BMKa 
rpy30BMKM 
rpy30BMK^B 

truck 

3a6iiBaTB '(V. Imp,) 
3a6iiBaio 

3adwBaemB 

3a6iiBaioT 

to draw out, to jam, 
to interfere with 

3B0HO / (N) 

3Bena 

3B^HBH 

3BQHBGB 

flight (organized unit) 

M.HTSI /pittm/ (V.Imp.) 

JWy 

im©inB 

w^yT 

to go, to come, to go on 

KOiiaH^ii^ ( m) 

KOMaHJCMpa 

KOMaH.HPipH 

KOlia TI^WpOB 

commander, 
commanding officer 


136 


R-6,L.6,Vocab. 




Ky.ua (Adv.) 

, (Masc.) (Pron.) 
moh (Pem.) 

Moe (Neut.) 
mom (Plural) 

MopaaHKa (P) 

M0P3HHKK 


where to (whither) 
my, mine 

Morse code signals. 
Morse-code 


Ham (Masc.) (pron.) our,ours 

Hama (Pem. ) 

Hdme (Neut •) 
h^um (Plur •) 

HOMep (M) number (as in "Number 5" etc.) 

HOMepa 
Houepa 
HOMQpOB 


Hy (interjection) 
nepejaaa (P) 

nepe^atiH 

nepejdaa 

nepejaa 

noaTa (P) (Sing, only) 

noaTH 


well 

transmission,sending, 
broadcast 

post-office, mail 


irpaeu (M) 
npaeMa 

pe^KO (Adv.) 

pora (P) 
porn 

POTH 

pOT 

CBH3B (P) 
CBH3M 

carHaji (m) 
cMTHajia 
CMTHajIH 
CMTHaJlOB 

croja (Adv.) 


reception, receiving; "over" 


seldom 

company 


communication, contact 


signal 


here to (hither) 


137 


R—6 «li .6, Voc ab • 


TBOft / 

(Masc.) 

(Pron.) 

your,yours (familiar) 

TBOH 

(Pem. ) 



TBO© 

(Neut.) 



TBOM 

(Plur.) 



Ty.ua 

(Adv.) 


there to (thither) 

TH 

vPron.) 


thou, you (familiar) 

tiacTO 

(Adv.) 


often 

veto 

(Masc*) 

(Pron*) 

whose 

tJBH 

(Pern# ) 



Uhe 

(Neut *) 



tJBM 

(Plur.) 



3<5KaHp^HBU (p) 
SCKa^plUBM 


squadron (Aviation) 


scKaapiijiBti 

SckaApiunil 


138 


R-6,L*6, Vocab 



CEHLMOH yPOK 


SEVENTH LESSON 


1) Text n A n 

Part I. 

STRUCTURAL FEATURES. 


par.12,15 . 


A. 0to Bam KapaH^am? 

A. Is this your pencil? 

Ja, 3 to mom 
K apaanam. 

B. Yes, that's my pencil. 

4 . A 3tot Kapaaaam 

A. How about this one, is 

rose Bam? 

it yours, too? 

/And this pencil also your?/ 

B. I a, 3 tot KapaH- 

B. Yes, that one's mine,too 
/Yes, this pencil also 
my./ 

aam Toxe mom. 


A. 3to Banm khztm? 

A. Are these your books? 

/This _ your books?/ 


E. Jia, 3T0 mom KHiirn• B. Yes, those are my 

books. 


4. A 3TM KHMrM TOE0 

/Yes,this _ my books./ 

A. And these, are they 
yours, too? 

/And these books also 

Banm? 

your?/ 

£. la, 3TM KHJ4TH 

B. Yes, those books are 

Toxe mom. 

mine, too. 


139 


R-6,L.7,P.I 







A. 3tOT CTy^GHT 
auepHnaHer^? 
g. Aa, 3 tot cTyjeHT 

aMe puna Hen; • 

✓ 

A. A TOT CTyjeHT? 

g. Tot cTyaeHT Toxe 
aMepiiKaHeq • 

A. 3Ta cTyneHTKa 
auepKKaHKa? 

£. ita, OHa aMepHKaHKa. 
A. A Ta cTyjeHTKa tojcg 
aMepHKaHKa? 
g.. A a, Ta cTyaeHTKa 
Tose aMepHKaHKa. 

Par,13 , 

A. 3agcb bgcb nojiK? 

£. Aa, sjgcb bgcb iiojik. 


A, Is this student an 
American? 

/This student 
American-man?/ 


B. Yes, he r s 

an American, 

A* How about, that one? 
/And that student?/ 

B. That student's 


an American, too. 


A. Is this coed American? 
~ /This studentess 
American-woman?/" 


B. Yes, she's American. 
/Yes, she _ American- 
woman./ 

A* How about that coed. 


is she an American,too? 


B. Yes, that coed's 


American, too. 


A. Is all of the regiment 
here? 

/Here __ all regiment?/ 

B. Yes,the entire regiment 
is here. /Yes, here 
all regiment./ 


140 


R-6 # L.7,P.I 



A. 3aecB bch poTa? 

B. to, 3.H0CB BCH 
poTa. 

A, 3*ecB Bee 3 b©ho? 

B. la, 3aecB Bee 3b©ho. 
A. B Knacce bc© 

CTy*©HTH? 

/ 

£• to, b KJiacce bc© 
CTyjQHTH. 

A. Ha imomajiii 6wisl 
bch poTa? 

£. to, H BIM©JI Ha nao- 
majii bck) poTy. 


A. Is the company all here? 
/Here __ all company?/ 

B* Yes, the whole company 


is here* 


A« Is everyone In the flight 
here? 

/Here _ all flight?/ 

B. Yes, the flight is all 
here* 

A* Are all of the students 
in class? 

/in class all students?/ 


B* Yes, all of them are 


in class* 


A. Was the entire company 


on the square? 


B* Yes, I saw the whole 
company there. 

/Yes, I saw on square 
all company/• 


Par*14,16,17 * 


A. Kano# 3 to KapaHjuani? 


B. 3to hobhm KapaH^am. 


A. What kind of pencil 
is this? 

/What-kind this _ pencil?/ 


B* That*s 
/This _ 


a new pencil* 
new pencil*/ 


141 


R-6*L.7,P.I 



KaKafl 3 to KHara? 

A. What soft of book is this’ 
/What-kind this _ book?/ 

£. 3to HOBaa KHzra. 

B. That’s a new book* 

A. Kano© sto nepo? 

A. What kind of pen is that? 

£. 3to hobo© nepo. 

B* It’s a new pen* 

A. KaKMe 3 to ra39TH? 

A. What newspapers are these? 
/What-kind this _ news- 

£. 3to HOBue ra3©TH. 

pap ers^ 

B* Those are recent 
papers. 

/ / 

A. Kanyio ra3eTy bh 

A. What paper were you 

/ 

TUlTajIM? 

reading? 

/What-kind newspaper you 
read?/ 

B. E ^MTaji HOByio 

B* I was reading the 
latest paper* 

/T HAW DAW^DflnAT 1 * / 

/ 

raseTy. 

/ JL X uUU UvVi/ UwVi ypuUvl • J 

A. 0 KaKOW KHMr© BH 

A. What sort of book are 

TOBOPMT0? 

you talking about? 

/About what-kind book 
you speak?/ 

/ / 

B. E TOBOpiO O HOBOft 

B* I’m talking about 

KHzre. 

a new book* 

A. 0 naKOM ypoK© bh 

A. What kind of lesson are 

roBopzT©? 

you talking about? 

/ / 

£. E TOBOpiO 0 HOBOM 

B* I’m speaking about 

ypoK©. 

a new lesson. 


142 


R-6,I,.7,P.I 


2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYST8. 


Par.12. 


Besides th6 word " sto 11 v/hich does not change for 
gender, number and case there is a demonstrative pronoun 
" sto? ” (masc.), n 3Ta u (f Qm.) , n 3To n (neut.) , tf 5TH ,f (plural) 
which agrees with the gender, number and case of the noun 
it modifies. 


/ / 

3to - means this is. 3 tot - means this... 

that is. that... 

thes6 are. 

those are. 

is this.? 

etc. 


3to Barn Kapamiam. 
3tot KapaH.3, am Bam. 

3to Bama KHwra. 

/ / / 

STa KHMra Bama. 

' / S 

3to Bame nepo. 
c)to nepo name. 


This is your pencil. 
This pencil is yours 

This is your book. 
Thi3 book is yours. 

This is your pen. 
This pen is yours. 


Sto Bamw dyuam. 
3 t vl oyirani Ba 7, iM. 


These are your papers. 
These papers are yours. 


143 


R-6.L.7.P.I 










There is also another demonstrative pronoun 
”tot"( rnasc.), n Ta"(f em.), "To"(neut •) , "T£"(plur.) meaning 
that and those « 

If there are two objects, the one closer to the 
speaker is referred to by 11 3 tot rt , the object farther from 


the speaker i3 referred to by "tot"• 




This pencil is mine, 
but that pencil is yours. 


Par.13. Declension of pronominal adjectives. 


Nomi n ative. 
Masc. 3tot 

Peru. 3Ta 

Neut. 3TO 


Accusative 
Masc.Anim.SToro 
Masc.Ianimi 
Neuter ) 

em. 3Ty 


Prepositional 


, asc. 
Neut • 
Pern. 


3TOH 

OTOii 


Nominative 

All 

genders otm 


S i 

n g u 1 

a r . 


TOT 

Ta 

BecB 

BCfl 

(all, 

(th6 whole 

KaKOii 

KaKSlfl 

TO 

Bee 


Kanoe 

Toro 

Bcero / 


KaKoro 

same 

as 

nominative 


Ty 

BCIO 


nanyio 

TOU 

Bce*M 


icanoii 

Toil 

Bceii 


KaiCOH 

p 1 

u r a 1 



to 

bc© 


KUKlJe 


whatJcind 

of 


144 


R-6 ,L .7,P.I 













par.14 


Forms of Adjectives 


Like the possessives, every Russian descriptive 
adjective has three forms for the singular, - a masculine, 
a feminine, and a neuter form, - but only one plural form 
used with any plural noun. 


Singular 


Plural 


Ham HQBHfi 
Hama HOBan 
Hame hobog 


wiacc 

mKaaa 

ajaHMe 


(wiaccH 

HamM HOBH0 (ihkojih 


Types of Adjectives. 

Almost all Russian adjectives can be divided into 
the following types ; 




Unstressed 

endings. 


Stressed 


Basic type 

After r, k,x 

After a 

m,m 

endings. 

Masc. 

HOB 

H# 

pyccK 


/ 

xopom 

vlPl 

do^bffl' 

oft 

Fern. 

HOB 

B.H 

pyccK 

a fi 

xopom 

an 

6ojibhi 

✓ 

an 

Neute 

? HOB 

oe 

pyccK 

oe 

xopom 

ee 

dojiBUi 

s' 

oe 

Plura! 

L HOB 

U9 

/ 

pyccK 

He 

xopom 

He 

dojitm 

He 


145 


R-^L^P.! 
























Par.15 . PyCCKM% AMEPKKAHCKHfi . AMEPMKAHEII . 


The word " pyccKKft " is used both as a noun and as an 
adjective: 


Oh pyccKHii cojmaT. He is a Russian soldier. 

Oh pyccKHft. He is a Russian. 


The word n aMepHKaHCKH% ” is used as an adjective only. 
The words " aMepuKaHen; " and " aMepnicaHKa " are nouns. 

Oh aMepwKaHCKHH coji^aT. He is an American soldier. 

Oh aMepHKaHen;. He is an American. 


OHa aMepHKaHCKan cTyjneHTKa • 
OHa awepHKaHKa. 


She is an American coed. 
She is an American. 


Par.16 . KAKOH . 

The interrogative word n KaKOfi n (what kind of) has 
the same forms as an adjective with stressed ending* 

Kanoft 3 to y^ebmiK? What kind of a text-book 

„ / / x is that? 

Kanan 3to ra3eTa? What ind of a newspaper 

Kanoe 3to bmho? What* ±. !nd of wine is that? 

The anticipated answer to the question "laKOM" may 
be an adjective or any other word which qualifies the 
noun in question. 

/ / / / / 

HaKaa sto oyKBa? 3 to pyccnaH 6yKBa. 

KaKan 3 to 6yKBa? 3 to 6yKBa "y” . 


146 


R-6,1..7,P.I 













Par,17 , DECLENSION OF ADJECTIVES . 

Singular . 

Masc, Pern, Neuter 


Nom. 

HOB 


HOB 

an 

HOB 

oe 

Acc.Inanim. 

HOB 

HH 

/ 


/ 


Anim. 

h6b 

oro 

HOB 

yro 

HOB 

oe 

Loc. o 

HOB 

OM 

O HOB 

oft 

0 HOB 

0 m 


Plural all genders 
Nom. hob|H e 


Singular. 


Nom. 

✓ 

pyccK 

KVL 

pyccK 

a h 

pyccK 

oe 

Acc.Inanim. 

Anim. 

/ 

Pjtock 

pyccK 

HH 

oro 

pyccK 

yjo 

pyccK 

oe 

Loc. o 

pyccK 

OM 

o pyccK 

OH 

o pyccK 

OM 


Plural all genders 
Nom. pyccK|n© 


Nom, 

Acc,lnanim, 

Anim, 

Loc, o 

Nom. 


Singular . 


xopom 

uft 

xopom 

a h 

xopom 

ee 

xoponi 

xoponi 

nfi 

ero 

xoponi 

yio 

xopom 

ee 

xoponi 

eu 

/ 

o xopom 

eii 

o xopom 

©M 


Plural all genders 

xopom | h© 


147 


R-6 t L.7,P.I 






















* 



S 

L n g 

u 1 a r 

• 


Norn. 


Oil 

dojiBm 

/ 

a h 

bojiBin 

Acc.Inanim. 

Anim. 

6ojibiii 

bojiBin 

oft 

oro 

dojiBni 

/ 

y» 

bojiBin 

Loc. o 

6ojibiu 

/ 

0 u 

0 bojiBin 

oft 

0 bojiBin 


plural all genders 
Norn. 6ojiBm|Me 

Par»18 . Spelling unaccented syllables * 

You will notice that in unaccented syllables many 
vowels sound different from the way they are written. 
In general, you must know how to spell each word you 
learn, just as you do in English. 

Notice that in unaccented syllables, l, £ ri and "a" 
are pronounced alike and usually "e/ 1 and ”m w are pro¬ 


nounced alike. 




OKHO 

/ akno / 

nep6 

/ Piro / 

aHrap 

/ angar/ 

nMJIOT 

/ pilot/ 

However, there 

are many 

instances where 

your 


knowledge of grammar will show you how to spell words 
correctly. For example, case endings of nouns, pro¬ 
nouns, and adjectives, and personal endings of verbs 
are written in accordance with definite spelling rules; 
these rules form part of the grammatical principles 


148 


R-6 J..7,P.I 









you are learning, 

/-a/: 3Ta KHMra /-!/s B ropoje 

3to nepo H a rwoma^H 

Although unaccented n £ ,f is usually pronounced like "h", 
there are important exceptions in endings, 

in the neuter Nominative and Accusative endings last 
unaccented "e" is pronounced like M ya M , 

nojie / pola / but b nojie / f poll / 

Kanoe / kakoya/ 

HOBoe / novaya/ 

As you already know, special spelling rules apply 
after ,f a ,r , "m”. Ih this lesson you have examples of a 
special spelling after • Compare the following forms; 

Accented ending ; Unaccented ending ; 

KaKoe dojiBiuoe hobo© xopomee 

Here you have the alternation between accented /o/ and 
unaccented /a/, which is usually spelled n o ,f ; however, after 
, ,r _ 5 J n it is spelled "ej ? • This same unaccented /a/ charac- 
teristic of neuter endings also occurs in "Barne", where again 
It is spelled "js”. (Notice that n B ama" /fern,/ and "Bam© 
/neut,/ sound alike.) 

Notice also the pronunciation of pronominal and 

adjectival accusative animate endings -oro, -ero: 

3T QPQ /et ava/ , Kai coro /kakova/, xopo mero /horos hiva/ 

Review the principle of writing and pronunciation of 
syllables beginning with ,f jfi ,r and "s" see pages 79 and 80. 


149 


R-6,L.7,P.I• 




P ART II 


Text "B ff . 

A./What informs your A. What does your commanding 

commanding-officer?/ officer report? 

B./He informs, that B. He reports that they've 

all day goes batule./ been fighting all day long. 

A. Are all of our planes 
in the air? 

B. I see only 
one plane. 

A./What-kind this _ plane?/A. What kind of airplane is it? 

B. It's a light 
bomber. 

A. And where are the heavy 
bombers? 

B. The heavy bombers 
aren*t flying 
today. 

150 T?-6 r L.7,P.H. 





h© jreTajoT. 


151 


R-6.L.7,£.II 






A.What-kind visibility 
was yesterday?/ 


A. What kind of flares did you 
see in the air? 

B. I saw green and red 
flares. 

A# How's the weather today? 

B. The weather today 
is bad: wind 

and rain. 

A. Is visibility good? 

B. No, visibility 
is very poor. 

A* How was visibility 
yesterday? 

B. Visibility yesterday 

was zero. 

A« What kind of overcast, 
high or low? 


152 


R-6,L.7,P.II 


A. Kawa© paneTH bh 


b B03,5yxe? 

£. H BMjejI 3©JI©HHe 
M KpaCHHe paKGTH. 
A. Kanaa cerojHa noro.ua? 

B. CerojHa ruoxaa 

✓ / 
noro.ua: b©t©p 

M JOIUIB. 

✓ / 

4. Bkummoctb xopomaa? 

£• H©t, biummoctb 

oxieHb iwoxaa. 



A* Kanaa bjummoctb 6bwa 


/ 

BTiepa? 


/ ' 


£. Baepa bhjmmoctb 


6wi a hojib • 

V 

/ / 

A. Kanaa otfaamiocTB: 


/ / / 

BHCOKaa juim HH3Kaa? 


C 


BMEPA 




MJ1H ? 







153 


R-6 0,.7,P.II 













B. The overcast today 


is low. 

A* /And how on sea, also A. How about at sea - 

rain?/ is it raining there, too? 

B. It's raining and foggy 

a bit. Are you taking 

down what I am reporting? 

A. Yes, I f m taking everything 
down. 

B. Well, fine. Over. 

A. Do you see that big 
building? 

B. The tall building on 
that street? 

A« Yes. Our headquarters is 
in that building. 


154 


R-6,L.7,P.h 


£. CerOJHH HM 3 K 8 .H 
OtfjiatiHOCTB. 

A Kan Ha Mope, toe© 

JOX.HB? 

£. TaM MajieHBKMii xoejb 
m TywaH. Th aamicH- 
Ba©niB, tjto a coo6maio? 
A. Ja , a bc© aartHcuBaio, 

£• fly, xopomo. IlpiieM* 


A. Bh bimht© 3TO 6ojiBino© 
3^aHH©? 

B. BHCOKO© 3 J 3 taHM© Ha 
Toft yjorn;©? 

A. JTa. B 3TOM 60 JIBDI 0 M 3XaHHH 
Ham niTa6, 


ceroAH^ 



155 


R-6,L.7,P.II 



























B. Is our new C.O 


A. /He asked where stands 
our heavy artillery,/ 
B. /And C.O. saw our 
light artillery?/ 


there? 

A. Yes, I saw him 
there. 

B. What did he ask? 

A. He wanted to know where our 
heavy artillery is located. 
B. Has he seen our 
light artillery? 


A. Yes. he has. It*s located 

on "Che road. 

B. The heavy artillery 
I s a w in town. 

A. Is our new girl 
working already? 

B. Yes, I've seen her. 

The work at the station 
is going on fine. 


156 


R-6 ,L.7,P.II 



/ / 

B. Ham hobhm KOMaH^iip 

Tau? 

A. ,5a. Tau h bvulqji Hamer o 
HOB oro KOMaH^iipa. 

£. Hto oh onpamKBaji? 

. / / 

A. Oh cnpamHBaji, r*e ctoht 

Hama Tasejiaa apnuiJiepHH. 
A KOMaH^np BHxejL Hamy 
•aericyio apTJLoe'prao? 

A. 5a, BJuejti. OHa ctoht 
H a xopore. 

Tnxejiyjo apTmuiepran 
h BiaeJi b ropoje. 

Hama HOBan pa^HCTKa 

yse pa6oTaeT? 

/ / 

5a. fl BHAeji Hamy 

/ / 

HOByro pa^HCTKy h 

pa6oTa Ha paijHM 

•* / 
k£©t xopomo. 


KOMAHflMP 

7 




' 7 

PA60TAET i 


A A;- 

XOPOWO.,, 


157 


R-6,L.7,P.II 









And whor»Q» 3 our 


old C.O. now? 

B. I saw our old 
C.O. at your 
airfield. 


A. Who’s this radio operator? 
B. He’s an American. 


A. What’s he doing? 


A.- /What-kind this-time 
transmission?/ 

B. /American. He 


B. He is listening to the 
radio. 

A. What are they sending 
right now? 

B. It’s an American broad- 


listens American 


cast. He’s listening to 


transmission./ 


an American broadcast. 


A. How about that radio 

operator over there, is he 
also an American? 

B. No, he’s Russian. 


A^/What broadcast is he 
“ listening to?/ 


A.What broadcast is he 
listening to? 

B. He is listening to a 
™ Russian broadcast. 


158 


R-6,L.7,P.II 



A. A i\ne TenepB Ham 
cTapHft KOMaHjjrp? 

£. Hamero cTa^poro 
KOMaazuipa h Bwieji 
Ha BameM aapoapoue. 

A. Kto 6tot paflMcT? 

B. Oh aMepHKaHen;. 

&. *Ito oh ^eJiaeT? 

B. Oh cjiyiaaeT pa,aHO. 

A. KaKan ceftxiac nepeaana? ( i<^KA* 

E. AMepMKaHCKaH• Oh 
cjiymaeT aMepMKaHCKyro 
ne pe^axiy. 

A. A tot pa^MCT Toae 
aMepuKaHen;? 

B. Hot, oh pyccKHii. 

PYCCKA*.- 

Kanyio nepejiaxiy oh cJiymaeT? / M / A 

/ / / i kXi 

£,0h CJiymaeT pyccnyio nepejany 

159 R-6,L.7,P.II. 


l\ 


rr *sm 






PART III 


READER . 

/ ^ / 

CKTvani *h : PaccKa3 (story told by a) pa^wcTa noceTHTejno 

(to a visitor) Ha paaHOCTaHn;HH. 

B©cb .hqhb, a HHorja h hotibid, h paooTaio Ha otoh pajino- 
cTaHH^m . Bh BH2HTe Tau HOBoe > bojiBiuo© sflaHMe? 3 to Ham ho- 
bhh pa,5HOy3e.a. CTapmi paaHoy3eji 6hji Ha yjiime "BHCOKafl". 
Moa padoTa 3A©cb HHor.ua jierKafi, HHoraa Tasejiaa. H sanncH- 
saio He tojibko Bee pa^MorpaMMH, ho H*noro,ny. Ilorozy fl co- 
o6m,aio b mrab. 

CeroHHH oxieHB rmoxan noro.ua: b©cb JieHB HueT joz.hb, 
HH 3 KaH ObjiaxiHOCTB, BQTep, BJtHHMOCTB HOJIB. CaMCUieTH H© 
meTaicT, h HamH ji©tmhkh ceibiac nojiyxiaioT Ha ckhsU© npacHH© 
h 3©ji©hh© pane^TH. Bee 3th pa^ncTH pyccKH©. 3 tot pa,n hct, 
IleTpOB, xopomo 7 noHHwaeT no-aHTJiHMCKH h 3anHCHBa©T aMepn- 

KaHCKM© nepena^iH. 3,necB 6syi o*hh awepHKaHeij h roBopna, 

/ / / / /„ 
ijt o IleTpOB otjeHB xopomo tobopht no-aErjiHHCKH. 

Bh cnpamHBaeTe, Ha Kanon paboTe 3Ta pa^HCTKa? OHa 

paboTaeT Ha hobom npHeMHHKe h nojiy^aeT jOHeceHHH o noro.se, 

Korsa a npHHHMaK) pajMorpaMMH. OHa oqeHB xopoman pasHCTKa. 

* "h" means "also”. 


160 


R-S J..7,P.iii 






PART IV, 


HOMEWORK, 


A« Who’s that sergeant? 


B. That’s the new radio-operator. He is working at 
the radio center in that large green building. 


A, Is he an American or a Russian? 

B. He is a Russian, He’s listening to a Soviet 
broadcast now. 


A. Does he take down all messages? 


B. Yes, he does. Yesterday he listened to a report 
that the new Soviet bombers are not flying," 


A* How about that little girl radio-operator, does she 
also listen to Russian broadcast? 


B, No, she listens to American weather reports. 


A, Was the weather good yesterday? 


B. No, there was a light wind, low cloudiness and 
poor visibility. 


161 


R-6 jL.7,P.IV 




CJI0BAP1 


VOCABULARY 


aMepMKaHec, (M) 
aMepMKaHu;a 
awepMKaHriiH 
aiiepMKaHii;0B 

American 

awepzKaHKa (P) 
auepMKaHKZ 
aMepMK^HKM 
aiiepuKaHOK 

American 

aMepMKaHCKMM,-aa,-oe,- hg(A dj.) 

American 

6ojiBiE6ft,-aH,-o0,-M© (Adj .) 

large, big 

B0CB (pron. Adj.) 

Bca 

BC© 

BC© 

all, entire, whole 

B©Tep (M) 

BGTpa 

BGTpH /BQTpa/ 

BGTpOB /b©TPOb/ 

wind 

bz-Emmoctb (F) (Sing.only) 

BZZMMOCTH 

visibility 

BHCOKan,-afl,-o©,-M© (Adj.) 

high; tall 

*0**B,(M) 

aoxah 

A ox Alt 

AOXAQpL 

rain 

3amiCHBaTB (V.imp.) 

3armcHBaio 

3anrfcHBaemB 

3anKCHBaioT 

to write down 

3^aHM© (n) 

3jAhZH 

3*£hM fl 

3A&HKK 

building 

3eji©HHii, -an, -oe, -h© (Adj.) 

green 


162 


R-6*L.7, Vocab 




KaKOH,-aH,-oe,-He (Pron. Ad 
KpacHHft,-aa,-oe,- H e (Adj.) 

JierKaft,-aa, -oe, -a© (Adj,) 

MajieHBKJiJi,-aa,-oe, -a© (Adj.) 

Mop© (N) 

uopa 

uopa' 

uopea 

Ha3Kafi,-aa,-oe,-ae (Adj.) 

hobhm,- aa,-oe,-ne (Adj.) 

HOJIb, (M) 

HOJIfl 

HOJIM 

oaeHb (Adv.) 

/ / z / 

rwoxoii,-aa,-oe,-a© (Adj.) 

norojia (F) (Sing.only) 
nor o,hh 

padoTa (F) 
padoTH 
padoTH 
pador 

paneTa (F) 
paneTH 
pan©TH 
pan©T 

pyocKaa (F) 

P^CCKOk 

PJTCCKM© 

pyccaax 

pyc o kh id (M) 
pyccKoro 
pjrccKze 
pyccKMX 

pyccKHii,-aa,- 00 ,-a© (Adj.) 


•) what kind, what sort 
red 

light, easy, slight 
small, little 
see 

low 

new 

zero, 0 

very 

bad, poor 
weather 

work, job 

flare, rocket 

Russian 

Russian 

Russian 

R-6,L.7,Vocab. 


coo6m&Tfe (V.Imp.) 
coo6E,aio 
coodmaeniB 
coodnjaioT 

cnpamMBaTb (V.Imp.) 
cnpamMBaio 
cnpamMBaeniB 
cnpamMBaioT 

/ * 

cTapHM,-aH,-oe,-Hg (Adj.) 

tot (Masc.) (Pron.Adj.) 
Ta (Fern. ) 
to (Neut.) 

Te (plural) 


to inform,to report, 
to communicate 

to ask, to inquire 

old, archaic 
that (one), 

those 


TflsejiH^-aa^-oe.-Ne (Adj.) 

y-jMija (p) 
yjnim* 
yjiimH 

yjum 

xopomMM,-aa,-oe,-Me (AdjU 

3 T0T (Masc.) 

3Ta (Fern. ) 

3 TO (Neut.) 

3tm (Plural) 


heavy, weighty 
street 


good, fine 
this (one) 


these 


164 


R-6,L.7, Vocab 


BQcmoii ypoK. eighth lesson. 


1) Text "A" 

PART I. 

STRUCTURAL FEATURES. 


Par.19-21. 


A. 3A6CB ©CTB ZOKTOp? 

A. Is there a doctor here? 
/Here (there)-is doctor?/ 

£. ,5a, aaecB ©ctb 

B. Yes, there is a doctor 
here. 

AOKTOp. 

/Yes, here (there)-is 
doctor./ 

A. I\5© JOM JOKTOpa? 

A. Where is the doctor's 

B. JIom aoKTopa Tau. 

house? 

/yrfhere __ house doctor's?/ 

B. The doctor's house is 
over there. 

A qeft 3T0 jou? 

/House doctor's _ there./ 
A. And whose house is this? 
/And whose __ this house?/ 

B. 3to *ou KanHTaHa. 

B. This is the captain's 
house. 

'3to aBTOManwHa 

/This house captain's./ 

A. Is this The captain's 
car? 

KaroiTaHa? 

/This _ car captain's?/ 

✓ ' 



B. Hst, 9to aBTOMamMHa B. No, that r s the doctor's 


s 

^OKTOpa. 

car. 


165 


R-6 *8,P,I 









A. Is this the doctor’s room? 


A. 3to KOUHaTa jOKTopa? 

£. H©T, 3A©CB H0T 
KOUHaTH JOKTOpa. 

A. A B« 3T0 KOUHaTa? 

£. 3to KOMHaTa 
KypoaHTa. 

A. B KOUHaTe ©ctb 

/ 

t©ji©$oh? 

HeT, Tau h©t 
T©J ie$OHa. 

A. Tau 6wi TOJie^OH? 

£. H©t, Tau h© duao 

T©JI©$OHa • 

s 

A. Tau ©ctb KapTa? 

Hot, Tau h©t KapTH. 

A. A ubh ©to KapTa? 

/* / 

3to Kapra ywreJiB- 

HXQH. 


B. No, there’s no doctor’s 
room here* 

/No, here (there)-isn»t 
(of)-room doctor’s./ 


B. No, there’s no 
telephone. 

/No, there (there)- 
isn’t (of)-telephone./ 


A. Has there been one there? 

* /There was telephone?/ 

B. No, there has been no 
phone in the room. 

/No, there not (there) ■‘■was 
(of)-telephone./ 


A. Is there a map over there? 


B. No, there aren’t any maps. 
/No, there (there)-isn*t 
(of )-map./ 

A. Whose map is this? 

/And whose this map?/ 

B. This is the lady 
teacher’s map. 


A. But whose room is it? 

~ /And whose this _ room?/ 

B. It’s a cadet’s room. 


A. Is there a phone 
in the room? 

/in room (there)—is* 
telephone?/ 


166 


R—6,L.3,P .1 


Par.22 


/ / 

A. Bh BJinejiH KOManmipa 

cerojHa? 

£. H©t, oeroflHH a h© 

/ / 

Bnneji KOMaH^apa. 

. _ ' ✓ 

A. Bh aaTajia cero^Hfl 

hobh# npMKa3? 

£. H©t, cero^HH a h© 

aaTaji npHKa3a. 

Par.25 . 

A. Ky*a MJ50T 3TOT COJUaT? 

£. 3TOT GOJI^aT KS9T 
b mra6. 

A. A Kyfla ajyT bth *Ba 
cojuaTa? 

£. 3th jtBa cojiaaTa 
nuyT na cima^. 

A. Kto ceiiaac Ha pa^ao- 
cTaHn;aM? 

£. ,Hb© pajsaoTKH h 

Tpa pa^aoTa. 


A. Did you see the C.0« 
today? 


B. No, I didn’t see the 

C.O. today. 

/No, today I not see 
(of)-commander./ 


A# Did you read the new 
orders today? 


B. No, I didn’t read the 
orders today. 

/No, today I not read 
(of)-order./ 


A« Where is this soldier 
ing? 

itner goes this soldier?/ 
B. This soldier is going 
to headquarters. 


A* And where are these two 
soldiers going? 

‘/And whither go these two 
(of)-soldier?/ 

B. These two soldiers are 
going to the warehouse. 

/These two (of)-soldier 
go on storage./ 

A. Who’s at the radio station 
right now? 

B. Three men and two girl 
radio operators. 

/Two (of)-radio-oper- 
atress and three (of)- 
radio-operator./ 



167 


£=6J»*8,P.I 





2) GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS 


Par.19. In the phrase "The end of the book” the pre¬ 
position "of” indicates that the "end” is a part of (or 
belongs to) the book, in the phrase ”An officer's cap” 
the form with ”' s ” means that the cap belongs to an officer. 
To indicate such relationship, Russian changes the form of 
the noun where English usus "of” or ”'s”, and the changed 
form is called the GENITIVE CASE * 

The genitive case answers the questions; 

Koro? (of whom?) or *!©#? (whose?) 

*Iero? (of what?) 

Qfae most common endings of the genitive singular are; 

-a (-a) for masculine and neuter nouns. 


, Q$Jmep 
fcypaxica o$nnep 


Otbot 


CocTaB 


YWTQJl 

y^iHTeJi 

3B0H 

3B9H 


duraa 


OpyXH 0 

opyxii a 


An officer's cap. 

The teacher's answer. 

The make-up of the flight. 
The weapons dump. 


Note that the genitive ending of all masculine and 
neuter nouns is the scone as the accusative ending of 
masculine animate nouns. 


168 


R-6 ,L.8,P.I. 











-h (-H) for feminine nouns. 


* 

KOMHaT 

a 

Ctqhh 

KOMHaT 

H 


BJMKUOCT 

B 

3HaaeHM0 

BJtnilMOCT 

M 


scKanpiinB 

fl 

IIojieT 

acKanprfjiB 

M 

/ 

panaocTaHijM 

fl 

IIepe.ua an 

pa^nocTaHi;M 

VL 


The walls of the room. 

The significance of visibility. 

The flight of the squadron. 

The transmissions of the radio 
station. 


NOTE that the genitive singular ending of feminine nouns 
is the same as the feminine nominative plural. 

In forming the genitive (as well as other cases) some 
masculine nouns lose the last vowel of the nominative sing.: 


aeHB 
nopan ok 
nOTOJlOK 


*H fl 

- nopan na 

- noTOjina 


Par.20. The expressions n 3jecB ecTB...". "TaM ecTB..." 


^oktop 3,necB? 


.fta, noKTop 3,necB. 


3,necB ecTB aoKTop? - la, 3,nec& ©ctb aoKTop. 


The word "ecTB" is used in question or statement con- 

earning the existence of something. (In m03t oases "eerfe" 

corresponds to the English phrases: "Is there...?" "There 

is... 1 *) ** 

But when the question or statement concerns the loca- 

tion of something, "ecTfc" is not used. 

- Notice the difference iip word order. 


169 R-6,T..8,P.I 











Par,21 . !f HeT n translates English "no” • It also trans¬ 
lates English tf There is no...", "There are no..." and the 
noun following it is in the genitive , 

CeroaHH H6T TywaHa. There is no fog today. 

Ha cTOJie / hqt dyuarii. There is no paper on 

the table. 

Similarly, the genitive is used after " He fauo ",which 

means "There was no..,”, "There were no,.." 

B^iepa ne 6wio TyyaHa. There was no fog yesterday. 

Ha cTOjie H© y 6 bwo There was no paper on 

6yu3.ru. the table. 

In order to avoid a mistake in the use of negations 
"He” and " hot " keep in mind the following diagram: 

NO, THERE IS NO PENCIL MERE 

HET, 3/lECb HET KAPAHAALL1A 

NO IsVlO 

Hi E(£v/>= HET 
(not is) 

But in the past tense, there is no corresponding 
contraction. 

Hot, 3^ecB He 6mio No, there was no 

KapaHjsama. pencil here. 

ENGLISH.- RUSSIAN: 

NO HE 

NOT HIT 

two - three; three - two. 


170 


R-S .1* • 8, P. I 







Two letters in English ”no n correspond to three letters in 
Russian " hot 11 ; tliree letters in English "not” correspond to 
two letters in Russian "h©”. 


Par,22. when a transitive verb is negative, its direct 

object is usually in the genitive case , 

✓ / 

JleTxiMK h© b*m©ji 30 MJIM. The flyer did not see the 

ground, 

E^juict h© cjinniaji BH30Ba. The radio operator did not 

hear the call, 

Mh ©me H© nojiyqajiii We were not receiving 

opyzMH. weapons yet. 

Par,23 . Nouns take the genitive singular when they 
stand after the numbers: 

,HBa (Masc.and Neuter) 

Abq (Pem. ) 

TpH 

*I0THp© 


/ / 

Mh BVIJIQJIVL JCBa MCTpeOM- 

Tejia b Boznyxe. 

Okojio aHrapa cToann ,5 b© 
aBTOMamMHH. 

Ha pa.nnocTaHipm Tpn paaacTKM 
k qeTHpe HexaHMKa• 

B KOMHaT© aeTnpe ct©hh, 
a B CT©h 6 TpH OKHa. 


// 

PajuicT 3anncHBaji nepe- 
flatly ^Ba p^3a. 


We saw two fighters 
in the air. 


Two motor vehicles were 
standing by (near) the 
hangar. 

There are three (f.) radio¬ 
operators and four mechanics 
at the radio station. 

There are four walls in the 
room, and in the wall there 
are three windows. 


The radio-operator was 
writing down the trans¬ 
mission twice. 


171 


R-6^L.8,P.I 










PART II 


A# /Number 2430. 

Who speaks?/ 

B. /Speaks Major 
Pavlov./ 


Text "B" . 

A. Is there a telephone here? 
3. Yes, there is. It f s 
here close by in the 
doctor f s room. 

A. 2 4 3 0 please. 

Who»s speaking? 

B. This is Major 
Pavlov. 

A. Hello, Major. 

Is the battalion 
commander there? 

£. No, the battalion com¬ 
mander hasn*t been here. 
He f s at regimental H.Q. 
right now. 


172 


R-6,L.8,P.II 




^ ACT L 


II. 



TeKCT "E" . 

A. 3aecB ecTB Tejie^OH? 

£. 5a, ©ctb. Tejie^oH 
3^0CB 6JIM3KO, b 
KOMHaT© AOKTOpa. 

A. Homqp 2 4 3 0. 

Kto roBopzT? 

B. roBoppiT uaftop 

naBJIOB. 

3_apaBCTByftT©, Maiiop. 
KoMaHAup 6aTajiBOHa 
Tan? 

£. H©T . 3*©CB KOMaHJH- 

pa He 6two* CeHqac 

/ / 
oh b mTa6e nojiKa. 


♦ 




173 


R-5 f L.8,P.II 



















A. I've already called regimental 
headquarters three times* 

Why doesn't it answer? 

B. Because there is 
no telephone there. 

But there is a radio* 

A. On what wave-length does the 
headquarters radio operate? 

B. On wave-length 124. 

A. Thank you, good-bye. 

3. Good-bye. 

A./Speaks Major Petrov. A. Major Petrov speaking. Do you 

Weather-report (there)-is?/have the weather report? 

B*/(There)-is• In-morning B. Yes, Sir. Morning fog* 
was fog* (Of)-cloudiness No cloudiness* 

(there)-isn't* (Of)-wind No wind, 

also (there)-isn»t./ 


174 


R-S,L.3,P.II 


A. £ yze Tpn pa3a 

/ . / 
BH3HBaji nrra6 ncwiKa. 

noqeuy oh He OTBetjaeT? 

IIOTOMy iito Tan 

Te.ae<5>OHa hqt. Ho TaM 

ecTB pajjio. 



A. Ha Kanoft bojiho pa6o- 
/ / 

TaeT paaHO nrraGa? 

B. Ha BOJiHe IS4. 


? 




175 


R.-6,L..8,P.II 











A. 

3./Reconnaissance says 
that in-morning flew 
four stormers 
of enemy./ 

A. 

A./And where this was?/ A. 

B./Near, there where 
stand our tanks./ 

A. 


What does reconnaissance 
report? 

B. Reconnaissance reports 
that there were four 
enemy ground support planes 
flying in the morning. 

Were they flying high or 
low? 

B. They were flying high. 

Whereabouts was it? 

B. It wasn f t far. It was 

where our tanks are 
stationed. 

What did the radio station 


report? 

B./In that place where B. At the spot where the 

yesterday was battle, fighting took place yester- 

(of)-enemy (there)-isn»t./ day, there is no enemy. 


176 


R-6^.8,P.h 



A. Ohm ji0tsuim bhcok<£ mjim 


HM3K0? 


£. Ohm JieTaaM bhcoko. 
A t\h© 3to 6iiio? 

B. BJIM3K0, Tau,r,ae 



^4 




CTOflT HaiUM TSLHKM • 

A. *Ito ooo6m,ajio 

pa^MO? 

B tom MecTe, rae 

Bvepa 6 hji 6o%, 

npOTMBHMKa H0T• 



177 


Rr6. J*.8,P.II 














HEAD E R III 


READER . 

CMTyAIIHH : pa3roBop (conversation) MesAy (between) KOMaHAHpoM 
qacTM A m o$mj;epoM cbh3M B (a unit commander 
and a liaison officer)• 

A. Ha KaKOii bojih© padoTaeT Baina paijMfl? 

£• ^hgm Ha bojih© I, S, 3, a hoW> Ha bojih© I, 3, 4. 

A. KaKH© jiOHeceHiiH ©ctb o npoT kb hhk©? 

£• Hama pa3B©^Ka coodmajia, xito apTiuiJiepHfl npoT hbH una 

MOJIUHT, a CaMOJI©TH JIQTaiOT OXI0HB BHCOKof* I^3Be,ZIKa 

' * / / / 

H© 3Ha©T, KaKH© 3T0 caMOJI0TH. Mh JiyMaQM, XITO 3TO 

HOBH© mTypMOBHKH npOTMBHHKa. 

A. noqeMy caMOji©Tu npoTMBHHKa jistsuot bhcoko? 

noTOMy uTO ya© abb . jihh HH3Kaa odjiaqHooTB h TyuaH. 

A. 3to h 3Haio, noTOMy xito mh nojiyqaeM bc© m©t©ocbo,hkw. 

A Haum caMOji©TH JiQTajni cerojiHH? 

B. Hqt, h© jieTsum. 

A. Bh h© cjiniuajiH, i\ne bc© HaniH TaHKH? 

B. fl 3iiaio, xito xieTtip© TaHKa ctoht 3^©cb, a Tpw Ha 
OTapoM M©cT© b jiecy. 


178 


R=£,L.8,P.III 





PART IV 


HOMEWORK. 

Translate into Russian: 

(Translate the meaning, not the words l) 

A. Do you know the commanding officer's telephone numbbr? 

B. No, but it's in the book on the lieutenant's 
table. 

A. Thanks. I am calling the company commander. 

B. Captain Ivanov speaking. 

A. Are there any weapons at the regimental warehouse? 

B. No, there are no weapons there. 

A. That's bad. Do you know why our planes weren't flying 

yesterday? 

B. They did fly. Th6 bombers were in the air, but very 
high up. Only two ground support planes were flying 
low. 

A. Did they see (any) enemy infantry? 

B. No, but they did see four enemy tanks at the place 
where the battle occurred. 


179 


R-6^L.3,P.IV. 




CjIOBAPL 


VOCABULARY, 


6JIM3KO (Adv.) 

BOJIHa y (p) 
BOJIHH 
BOJIHH 
BOJIH 


/ 

BHOOKO (Adv # ) 
.najieKO (Adv.) 


flea (Masc.Sc Neut.) (Num.) 
■HB© (Pem.) 


JIOKTOp (M) 
^OKTOpa 
AOKTOpa 
flOKTOpOB 


ecTB (V.lmp.) 


necTO (N) 
M9CTa 
MecTa 
MecT 

MQTaOCBO^Ka (P) 
MeTQOCBOflKW 
MeTeOCBO.HKM 
MeTeOCBO^OK 


hqt (Negation) 


near, nearby 

wave, wave-length(radio) 


there is, there are 

place, spot, seat, room,space 

weather report 

no, there is not, there are no 


high, high up 

far, in the distance 

two 

doctor, physician 


itiu 


R.-S^L.8, Vo cab 




HH3K0 (Adv.) 


low 


noTOuy tito (Conj.) 

because 

noqeuy (Adv.) 

why 

npOTZBHHK (M) 
npOTKBHMKa 

enemy 

pa3BeiKa (P) 
pa3B^^KH 

reconnaissance, scouting, 
intelligence 

T0JI0$OH (M) 

Te^e^OHa 

t@ji©<J)6hh 

T0JI0$6hOB 

telephone 

Tpz (Num.) 

three 

TI0THP© (Num.) 

four 

nrrypMOBMK ^(M) 
niTypMOBMKa 

HITypMOBMKil 

nrrypuoBMKOB 

ground attack plane 
(a plane of the fighter 
type, used by the Soviet 
army in support of ground 
operations or directed 
against ground targets) 


181 


R.6.L.8,Vocab 

















































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